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Adding ini link to open_basedir git-svn-id: https://svn.php.net/repository/phpdoc/en/trunk@65965 c90b9560-bf6c-de11-be94-00142212c4b1
303 lines
9.9 KiB
XML
303 lines
9.9 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
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<!-- $Revision: 1.18 $ -->
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<chapter id="features.safe-mode">
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<title>Safe Mode</title>
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<para>
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The PHP safe mode is an attempt to solve the shared-server security
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problem. It is architecturally incorrect to try to solve this
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problem at the PHP level, but since the alternatives at the web
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server and OS levels aren't very realistic, many people,
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especially ISP's, use safe mode for now.
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</para>
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<para>
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The configuration directives that control safe mode are:
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<programlisting role="ini">
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<![CDATA[
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safe_mode = Off
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open_basedir =
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safe_mode_exec_dir =
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safe_mode_allowed_env_vars = PHP_
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safe_mode_protected_env_vars = LD_LIBRARY_PATH
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disable_functions =
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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When <link linkend="ini.safe-mode">safe_mode</link> is on, PHP checks to see
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if the owner of the current script matches the owner of the file to be
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operated on by a file function. For example:
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<programlisting role="ls">
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<![CDATA[
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 rasmus rasmus 33 Jul 1 19:20 script.php
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1116 May 26 18:01 /etc/passwd
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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Running this script.php
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<?php
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readfile('/etc/passwd');
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?>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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results in this error when safe mode is enabled:
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<screen>
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<![CDATA[
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Warning: SAFE MODE Restriction in effect. The script whose uid is 500 is not
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allowed to access /etc/passwd owned by uid 0 in /docroot/script.php on line 2
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]]>
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</screen>
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</para>
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<para>
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If instead of <link linkend="ini.safe-mode">safe_mode</link>, you set an
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<link linkend="ini.open-basedir">open_basedir</link> directory then all
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file operations will be limited to files under the specified directory
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For example (Apache httpd.conf example):
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<programlisting role="ini">
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<![CDATA[
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<Directory /docroot>
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php_admin_value open_basedir /docroot
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</Directory>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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If you run the same script.php with this
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<link linkend="ini.open-basedir">open_basedir</link> setting
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then this is the result:
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<screen>
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<![CDATA[
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Warning: open_basedir restriction in effect. File is in wrong directory in
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/docroot/script.php on line 2
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]]>
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</screen>
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</para>
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<para>
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You can also disable individual functions. If we add this to our php.ini
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file:
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<programlisting role="ini">
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<![CDATA[
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disable_functions readfile,system
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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Then we get this output:
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<screen>
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<![CDATA[
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Warning: readfile() has been disabled for security reasons in
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/docroot/script.php on line 2
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]]>
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</screen>
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</para>
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<sect1 id="features.safe-mode.functions">
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<title>Functions restricted/disabled by safe mode</title>
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<para>
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This is a still probably incomplete and possibly incorrect listing
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of the functions limited by
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<link linkend="features.safe-mode">safe mode</link>.
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<!-- TODO: add ¬e.sm.*; to the functions mentioned here.
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That entity should link to this section -->
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<table>
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<title>Safe mode limited functions</title>
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<tgroup cols="2">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry>Function</entry>
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<entry>Limitations</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry><function>dbmopen</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>dbase_open</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>filepro</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>filepro_rowcount</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>filepro_retrieve</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>ifx_*</function></entry>
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<entry>sql_safe_mode restrictions, (!= safe mode)</entry>
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<!-- TODO: more info on sql-safe-mode -->
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>ingres_*</function></entry>
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<entry>sql_safe_mode restrictions, (!= safe mode)</entry>
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<!-- TODO: more info on sql-safe-mode -->
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>mysql_*</function></entry>
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<entry>sql_safe_mode restrictions, (!= safe mode)</entry>
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<!-- TODO: more info on sql-safe-mode -->
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>pg_loimport</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck;</entry>
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<!-- source TODO: there is no PHP-warning for that safe-mode-restriction -->
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>posix_mkfifo</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck.dir;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>putenv</function></entry>
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<entry>Obeys the safe_mode_protected_env_vars and
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safe_mode_allowed_env_vars ini-directives. See also the documentation
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on <function>putenv</function></entry>
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<!-- TODO: document those directives in chapters/config.xml -->
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>move_uploaded_file</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck; <!-- TODO: check this --></entry>
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</row>
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<!-- TODO: from here on, add warning to the function itself -->
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<row>
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<entry><function>chdir</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck.dir;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>dl</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.disabled;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><link linkend="language.operators.execution">backtick operator</link></entry>
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<entry>&sm.disabled;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>shell_exec</function> (functional equivalent
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of backticks)</entry>
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<entry>&sm.disabled;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>exec</function></entry>
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<entry>You can only execute executables within the <link
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linkend="ini.safe-mode-exec-dir">safe_mode_exec_dir</link>.
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For practical reasons it's currently not allowed to have
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<literal>..</literal> components in the path to the executable.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>system</function></entry>
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<entry>You can only execute executables within the <link
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linkend="ini.safe-mode-exec-dir">safe_mode_exec_dir</link>.
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For practical reasons it's currently not allowed to have
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<literal>..</literal> components in the path to the executable.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>passthru</function></entry>
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<entry>You can only execute executables within the <link
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linkend="ini.safe-mode-exec-dir">safe_mode_exec_dir</link>.
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For practical reasons it's currently not allowed to have
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<literal>..</literal> components in the path to the executable.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>popen</function></entry>
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<entry>You can only execute executables within the <link
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linkend="ini.safe-mode-exec-dir">safe_mode_exec_dir</link>.
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For practical reasons it's currently not allowed to have
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<literal>..</literal> components in the path to the executable.</entry>
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<!-- TODO: not sure. popen uses a completely different implementation
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Don't know why, don't know whether it's behaving the same -->
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>mkdir</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck.dir;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>rmdir</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>rename</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck; &sm.uidcheck.dir;<!-- on the old name only, it seems. Is rename preventing moving files? --></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>unlink</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck; &sm.uidcheck.dir;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>copy</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck; &sm.uidcheck.dir; (on
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<parameter>source</parameter> and
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<parameter>target</parameter>) </entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>chgrp</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>chown</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>chmod</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck; In addition, you cannot
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set the SUID, SGID and sticky bits</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>touch</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck; &sm.uidcheck.dir;</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>symlink</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck; &sm.uidcheck.dir; (note: only the target is
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checked)</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>link</function></entry>
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<entry>&sm.uidcheck; &sm.uidcheck.dir; (note: only the target is
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checked)</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>getallheaders</function></entry>
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<entry>In safe mode, headers beginning with 'authorization'
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(case-insensitive)
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will not be returned. Warning: this is broken with the aol-server
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implementation of <function>getallheaders</function>!</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Any function that uses
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<filename>php4/main/fopen_wrappers.c</filename>
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</entry>
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<entry>??</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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</para>
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</sect1>
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</chapter>
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<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
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Local variables:
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mode: sgml
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sgml-omittag:t
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sgml-shorttag:t
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sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
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sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
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sgml-indent-step:1
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sgml-indent-data:t
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indent-tabs-mode:nil
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sgml-parent-document:nil
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sgml-default-dtd-file:"../../manual.ced"
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sgml-exposed-tags:nil
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sgml-local-catalogs:nil
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sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
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End:
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vim600: syn=xml fen fdm=syntax fdl=2 si
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vim: et tw=78 syn=sgml
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vi: ts=1 sw=1
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-->
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