php-doc-en/language-snippets.ent

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- $Revision$ -->
<!-- Keep 'em sorted -->

<!ENTITY changelog.randomseed '<row xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><entry>4.2.0</entry><entry>The random
number generator is seeded automatically.</entry></row>'>

<!ENTITY installation.enabled.disable 'This extension is enabled by default. It may be disabled by using the following option at compile time: '>

<!-- Cautions -->
<!ENTITY caution.cryptographically-insecure '<caution xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>This function does not generate cryptographically secure values, and should not be used for cryptographic purposes. If you need a cryptographically secure value, consider using <function>openssl_random_pseudo_bytes</function> instead.</para></caution>'>

<!-- Notes -->

<!ENTITY note.regex.deprecated '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>As of PHP 5.3.0, the
regex extension is deprecated in favor of the
<link linkend="book.pcre">PCRE extension</link>. Calling this function
will issue an <constant>E_DEPRECATED</constant> notice. See <link linkend="reference.pcre.pattern.posix">the list of
differences</link> for help on converting to PCRE.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.bin-safe '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function is
binary-safe.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.clearstatcache '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>The results of this
function are cached. See <function>clearstatcache</function> for
more details.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.context-support '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>Context support was added
with PHP 5.0.0. For a description of <literal>contexts</literal>, refer to
<xref linkend="book.stream"/>.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.exec-bg '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>If a program is started with this function,
in order for it to continue running in the background, the output of the
program must be redirected to a file or another output stream. Failing to do so
will cause PHP to hang until the execution of the program ends.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.func-callback '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>Instead of a function name, an
array containing an object reference and a method name can also be
supplied.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.func-callback-exceptions '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>Callbacks registered
with functions such as <function>call_user_func</function> and <function>call_user_func_array</function> will not be
called if there is an uncaught exception thrown in a previous callback.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.funcbyref '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>If the arguments are passed by reference,
any changes to the arguments will be reflected in the values returned by this function.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.funcnoparam '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>Because this function depends on the
current scope to determine parameter details, it cannot be used as a
function parameter in versions prior to 5.3.0. If this value must be passed, the results should be assigned
to a variable, and that variable should be passed.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.line-endings '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>If PHP is not properly recognizing
the line endings when reading files either on or created by a Macintosh
computer, enabling the
<link linkend="ini.auto-detect-line-endings">auto_detect_line_endings</link>
run-time configuration option may help resolve the problem.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.no-remote '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function will not work on
<link linkend="features.remote-files">remote files</link> as the file to
be examined must be accessible via the server&apos;s filesystem.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.not-bin-safe '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function
is not (yet) binary safe!</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY note.no-key-association '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function
assigns new keys to the elements in <parameter>array</parameter>.
It will remove any existing keys that may have been assigned, rather
than just reordering the keys.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.no-windows '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function is not
implemented on Windows platforms.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.no-windows.extension '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This extension is not
available on Windows platforms.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.randomseed '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>As of PHP 4.2.0, there is no need
to seed the random number generator with <function>srand</function> or
<function>mt_srand</function> as this is now done automatically.
</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.registerglobals '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><title>register_globals: important
note</title><para>As of PHP 4.2.0, the default value for the PHP directive
<link linkend="ini.register-globals">register_globals</link> is <emphasis>
off</emphasis>. The PHP community discourages developers from relying on this directive, and encourages the use
of other means, such as the &link.superglobals;.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.is-superglobal "<note xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'><para>This is a 'superglobal', or
automatic global, variable. This simply means that it is available in
all scopes throughout a script. There is no need to do
<command>global $variable;</command> to access it within functions or methods.
</para></note>">

<!ENTITY note.superglobals '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><title>Superglobals: availability note
</title><para>Superglobal arrays such as <varname>$_GET</varname>,
<varname>$_POST</varname>, and <varname>$_SERVER</varname>, etc. are available
as of PHP 4.1.0. For more information, read the manual section on
&link.superglobals;</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.uses-ob '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>When the <parameter>return</parameter> parameter
is used, this function uses internal output buffering so it cannot be used inside an
<function>ob_start</function> callback function.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.filesystem-time-res '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>Note that time resolution may differ
from one file system to another.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.uses-autoload '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<para>Using this function will use any registered
<link linkend="language.oop5.autoload">autoloaders</link> if the class is not already known.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.network.header.sapi '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
   <para>
    Headers will only be accessible and output when a SAPI that supports them
    is in use.
   </para>
  </note>
'>

<!ENTITY note.passwordhashing '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 <title>Secure password hashing</title>
 <para>
  It is not recommended to use this function to secure passwords, due to the fast nature of this hashing algorithm. See
  <link linkend="faq.passwords.fasthash">here</link> for details.
 </para>
</note>
'>

<!-- Tips -->

<!ENTITY tip.fopen-wrapper '<tip xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>A URL can be used as a
filename with this function if the <link linkend="ini.allow-url-fopen"
>fopen wrappers</link> have been enabled.
See <function>fopen</function> for more details on how to specify the
filename. See the <xref linkend="wrappers"/> for links to information
about what abilities the various wrappers have, notes on their usage,
and information on any predefined variables they may
provide.</simpara></tip>'>

<!ENTITY tip.fopen-wrapper.stat '<tip xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>As of PHP 5.0.0, this function
can also be used with <emphasis>some</emphasis> URL wrappers.  Refer to
<xref linkend="wrappers"/> to determine which wrappers support
<function>stat</function> family of functionality.</simpara></tip>'>

<!ENTITY tip.ob-capture '<tip xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>As with anything that outputs
its result directly to the browser, the <link
linkend="book.outcontrol">output-control functions</link> can be used to capture
the output of this function, and save it in a
<type>string</type> (for example).</simpara></tip>'>

<!ENTITY tip.userlandnaming '<tip xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>See also the
<xref linkend="userlandnaming" />.</simpara></tip>'>


<!-- Warnings -->

<!ENTITY warn.escapeshell '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>When allowing user-supplied data to be
passed to this function, use
<function>escapeshellarg</function> or <function>escapeshellcmd</function>
to ensure that users cannot trick the system into executing arbitrary
commands.</para></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.experimental '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This extension is
<emphasis>EXPERIMENTAL</emphasis>. The behaviour of this extension including
the names of its functions and any other documentation surrounding this
extension may change without notice in a future release of PHP.
This extension should be used at your own risk.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.feature-5-3-0 '<warning
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This feature has been
<emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.3.0. Relying on this feature
is highly discouraged.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.feature-5-3-0.removed-6-0-0 '<warning
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This feature has been
<emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.3.0. Relying on this feature is
highly discouraged.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.function-5-3-0.removed-6-0-0 '<warning
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function has been
<emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.3.0. Relying on this feature is
highly discouraged.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.feature-5-3-0.removed-5-4-0 '<warning
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This feature has been
<emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.3.0 and <emphasis>REMOVED</emphasis>
as of PHP 5.4.0.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.function-5-3-0.removed-5-4-0 '<warning
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function has been
<emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.3.0 and <emphasis>REMOVED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.4.0.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.feature-5-5-0 '<warning
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This feature has been
<emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.5.0. Relying on this feature
is highly discouraged.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.feature-5-6-0 '<warning
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This feature has been
<emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.6.0. Relying on this feature
is highly discouraged.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY removed.php.future 'This deprecated feature <emphasis xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">will</emphasis>
certainly be <emphasis xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">removed</emphasis> in the future.'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.function.removed-5-3-0 '<warning
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function has been
<emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> and <emphasis>REMOVED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.3.0.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.function.removed-5-5-0 '<warning
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function has been
<emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> and <emphasis>REMOVED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.5.0.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.alias-5-3-0 '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<simpara>This alias has been <emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.3.0.  Relying
on this alias is highly discouraged.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.func-5-4-0 '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<simpara>This function has been <emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.4.0.  Relying
on this function is highly discouraged.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.alias-5-4-0 '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<simpara>This alias has been <emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.4.0.  Relying
on this alias is highly discouraged.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.deprecated.func-5-5-0 '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<simpara>This function has been <emphasis>DEPRECATED</emphasis> as of PHP 5.5.0.  Relying
on this function is highly discouraged.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.experimental.func '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function is
<emphasis>EXPERIMENTAL</emphasis>. The behaviour of this function, its name, and
surrounding documentation may change without notice in a future release of PHP.
This function should be used at your own risk.
</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.imaprecodeyaz '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>The <link
linkend="book.imap">IMAP</link>, <link linkend="book.recode">recode</link>,
<link linkend="book.yaz">YAZ</link> and <link linkend="book.cyrus">Cyrus</link>
extensions cannot be used in conjuction, because they
share the same internal symbols. Note: Yaz 2.0 and above does not suffer from this problem.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.install.cgi '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>A server deployed in CGI mode is open
to several possible vulnerabilities. Please read our
<link linkend="security.cgi-bin">CGI security section</link> to learn how to
defend yourself from such attacks.</para></warning>'>

<!ENTITY note.magicquotes.gpc '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><title>directive note: magic_quotes_gpc
</title><para>The <link linkend="ini.magic-quotes-gpc">magic_quotes_gpc</link>
directive defaults to <literal>on</literal>. It essentially runs
<function>addslashes</function> on all GET, POST, and COOKIE data.
<function>stripslashes</function> may be used to remove them.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY warn.no-win32-fopen-wrapper '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>Windows versions of PHP
prior to PHP 4.3.0 do not support access of remote files via this function,
even if <link linkend="ini.allow-url-fopen">allow_url_fopen</link> is enabled.
</para></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.ssl-non-standard '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>When using SSL, Microsoft IIS
will violate the protocol by closing the connection without sending a
<literal>close_notify</literal> indicator. PHP will report this as "SSL: Fatal
Protocol Error" when you reach the end of the data. To work around this, the
value of <link linkend="ini.error-reporting">error_reporting</link> should be
lowered to a level that does not include warnings.
PHP 4.3.7 and higher can detect buggy IIS server software when you open
the stream using the <literal>https://</literal> wrapper and will suppress the
warning. When using <function>fsockopen</function> to create an
<literal>ssl://</literal> socket, the developer is responsible for detecting
and suppressing this warning.</para></warning>'>

<!ENTITY warn.undocumented.func '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function is
currently not documented; only its argument list is available.
</simpara></warning>'>


<!-- Misc -->

<!ENTITY version.exists.asof 'This exists as of PHP '>

<!ENTITY version.trunk.after.53 '<emphasis xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This change
exists in the <link linkend="about.phpversions">development version</link> of PHP, and will
probably exist after 5.3.</emphasis>'>

<!ENTITY version.trunk.changelog 'Future'>

<!ENTITY no.function.parameters '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This function has no parameters.</para>'>

<!ENTITY example.outputs '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The above example will output:</para>'>

<!ENTITY example.outputs.53 '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Output of the above example in PHP 5.3:</para>'>

<!ENTITY example.outputs.54 '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Output of the above example in PHP 5.4:</para>'>

<!ENTITY example.outputs.55 '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Output of the above example in PHP 5.5:</para>'>

<!ENTITY example.outputs.56 '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Output of the above example in PHP 5.6:</para>'>

<!ENTITY example.outputs.32bit '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Output of the above example on 32 bit machines:</para>'>

<!ENTITY example.outputs.64bit '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Output of the above example on 64 bit machines:</para>'>

<!ENTITY example.outputs.similar '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The above example will output
something similar to:</para>'>

<!ENTITY examples.outputs '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The above examples will output:</para>'>

<!ENTITY examples.outputs.32bit '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Output of the above examples on 32 bit machines:</para>'>

<!ENTITY examples.outputs.64bit '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Output of the above examples on 64 bit machines:</para>'>

<!ENTITY examples.outputs.similar '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The above examples will output
something similar to:</para>'>

<!ENTITY array.resetspointer '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function will
<function>reset</function> the <type>array</type> pointer of the input array after
use.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY seealso.array.sorting 'The <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="array.sorting">comparison of array sorting functions</link>'>

<!ENTITY seealso.callback 'information about the <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="language.types.callback">callback</link> type'>

<!ENTITY avail.register-long-arrays 'As of PHP 5.0.0, the long PHP
<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="language.variables.predefined">predefined variable</link>
arrays may be disabled with the
<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="ini.register-long-arrays">register_long_arrays</link>
directive.'>

<!ENTITY ini.shorthandbytes '<simpara xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">When an <type>integer</type> is used, the
value is measured in bytes. Shorthand notation, as described
in <link linkend="faq.using.shorthandbytes">this FAQ</link>, may also be used.
</simpara>'>

<!ENTITY info.deprecated.alias 'For backward compatibility, the following
deprecated alias may be used: '>

<!ENTITY info.function.alias 'This function is an alias of: '>

<!ENTITY info.method.alias 'This method is an alias of: '>

<!ENTITY info.function.alias.deprecated '<simpara xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This function alias is
deprecated and only exists for backwards compatibility reasons. The use of this
function is not recommended, as it may be removed from PHP in the future.
</simpara>'>

<!ENTITY ext.windows.path.dll 'In order for this extension to work, there are
<acronym xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">DLL</acronym> files that must be available to the Windows
system <literal xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">PATH</literal>. For information on how to do this, see the
<acronym xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">FAQ</acronym> entitled "<link
 xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="faq.installation.addtopath">How do I add my PHP directory to the PATH
on Windows</link>". Although copying DLL
files from the PHP folder into the Windows system directory also works
(because the system directory is by default in the system&apos;s
<literal xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">PATH</literal>), this is not recommended.
<emphasis xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This extension requires the following files to be in the
<literal>PATH</literal>:</emphasis> '>

<!ENTITY manual.migration.seealso 'See also the migration guides for PHP versions'>

<!ENTITY style.oop 'Object oriented style'>
<!ENTITY style.procedural 'Procedural style'>

<!ENTITY resource '<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="language.types.resource">resource</link>'>

<!ENTITY foreach '<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="control-structures.foreach">foreach</link>'>

<!ENTITY yield '<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="control-structures.yield">yield</link>'>

<!ENTITY parameter.context 'Refer to the <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="context">context</link>
section of the manual for a description of <literal xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">contexts</literal>.'>

<!ENTITY parameter.use_include_path 'When set to &true;, the filename is also
searched for within the <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="ini.include-path">include_path</link>'>

<!-- Returns -->

<!ENTITY return.falseforfailure ' or &false; on failure'>
<!ENTITY return.falseforfailure.style.procedural '&style.procedural; returns &false; on failure.'>

<!ENTITY return.success 'Returns &true; on success&return.falseforfailure;.'>

<!ENTITY return.void 'No value is returned.'>

<!ENTITY return.callbacksort 'The comparison function must return an integer less than, equal to, or greater than zero if the first argument is considered to be respectively less than, equal to, or greater than the second.'>

<!ENTITY return.falseproblem '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function may
return Boolean &false;, but may also return a non-Boolean value which
evaluates to &false;. Please read the section on <link
linkend="language.types.boolean">Booleans</link> for more
information. Use <link linkend="language.operators.comparison">the ===
operator</link> for testing the return value of this
function.</simpara></warning>'>

<!-- OpenSSL -->
<!ENTITY openssl.param.x509 '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 <term><parameter>x509</parameter></term>
 <listitem>
  <para>
   See <link linkend="openssl.certparams">Key/Certificate parameters</link> for a list of valid values.
  </para>
 </listitem>
</varlistentry>'>

<!-- Image (GD) Notes -->
<!ENTITY note.config.t1lib '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function is only available
if PHP is compiled using <option role="configure">--with-t1lib[=DIR]</option>.
</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.config.jpeg '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>JPEG support is only available if
PHP was compiled against GD-1.8 or later.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.config.wbmp '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>WBMP support is only available if
PHP was compiled against GD-1.8 or later.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.bundled.gd '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function is only available if
PHP is compiled with the bundled version of the GD library.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.freetype '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function is only available if
PHP is compiled with freetype support (<option role="configure">--with-freetype-dir=DIR</option>)
</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.gd.2 '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function requires GD 2.0.1 or later (2.0.28 or later is recommended).</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.gd.notrequired '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>This function does not require the GD image library.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.gd.interpolation '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>This function is affected by the interpolation method set by <function>imagesetinterpolation</function>.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY gd.image.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
image</parameter></term><listitem><para>An image resource, returned by one of the image creation functions,
such as <function>imagecreatetruecolor</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY gd.font.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
font</parameter></term><listitem><para>Can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 for built-in
fonts in latin2 encoding (where higher numbers corresponding to larger fonts) or any of your
own font identifiers registered with <function>imageloadfont</function>.
</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY gd.return.identifier 'Returns an image resource identifier on success, &false; on errors.'>

<!ENTITY gd.value.red 'Value of red component.'>

<!ENTITY gd.value.green 'Value of green component.'>

<!ENTITY gd.value.blue 'Value of blue component.'>

<!ENTITY gd.source.height 'Source height.'>

<!ENTITY gd.source.width 'Source width.'>

<!ENTITY gd.image.path 'The path to save the file to. If not set or &null;, the raw image stream will be outputted directly.'>

<!ENTITY gd.image.new 'Create a new image from file or URL'>

<!ENTITY gd.image.source 'Source image link resource.'>

<!ENTITY gd.image.destination 'Destination image link resource.'>

<!ENTITY gd.image.output 'Output image to browser or file'>

<!ENTITY gd.image.colors 'If you created the image from a file, only colors used in the image are resolved. Colors present only in the palette are not resolved.'>

<!ENTITY gd.font.size 'The font size. Depending on your version of GD, this should be specified as the pixel size (GD1) or point size (GD2).'>

<!-- DBM notes -->

<!ENTITY dbm.dbm-identifier.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
dbm_identifier</parameter></term><listitem><para>The DBM link identifier,
returned by <function>dbmopen</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!-- JSON notes -->

<!ENTITY json.implementation.superset '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>PHP implements a superset of
JSON - it will also encode and decode scalar types and &null;. The JSON standard
only supports these values when they are nested inside an array or an object.
</para></note>'>

<!-- cURL notes -->

<!ENTITY curl.ch.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>ch</parameter>
</term><listitem><para>A cURL handle returned by
<function>curl_init</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY curl.mh.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>mh</parameter>
</term><listitem><para>A cURL multi handle returned by
<function>curl_multi_init</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!-- IMAP notes -->

<!ENTITY imap.imap-stream.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
imap_stream</parameter></term><listitem><para>An IMAP stream returned by
<function>imap_open</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY imap.pattern '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Specifies where in the mailbox hierarchy
to start searching.</para><para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">There are two special characters you can
pass as part of the <parameter>pattern</parameter>:
&apos;<literal>*</literal>&apos; and &apos;<literal>&#37;</literal>&apos;.
&apos;<literal>*</literal>&apos; means to return all mailboxes. If you pass
<parameter>pattern</parameter> as &apos;<literal>*</literal>&apos;, you will
get a list of the entire mailbox hierarchy.
&apos;<literal>&#37;</literal>&apos;
means to return the current level only.
&apos;<literal>&#37;</literal>&apos; as the <parameter>pattern</parameter>
parameter will return only the top level
mailboxes; &apos;<literal>~/mail/&#37;</literal>&apos; on <literal>UW_IMAPD</literal> will return every mailbox in the <filename>~/mail</filename> directory, but none in subfolders of that directory.</para>'>

<!-- mbstring notes -->

<!ENTITY note.mbstring.encoding.internal '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>The internal encoding or the
character encoding specified by <function>mb_regex_encoding</function>
will be used as the character encoding for this function.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.mbstring.encoding.current '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>The
character encoding specified by <function>mb_regex_encoding</function>
will be used as the character encoding for this function by default.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY mbstring.encoding.parameter '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The <parameter>encoding</parameter>
parameter is the character encoding. If it is omitted, the internal character
encoding value will be used.</para>'>

<!ENTITY mbstring.warning.e-modifier '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>Never use the <literal>e</literal> modifier when working on untrusted input. No automatic escaping will happen (as known from <function>preg_replace</function>). Not taking care of this will most likely create remote code execution vulnerabilities in your application.</para></warning>'>

<!-- mcrypt notes -->

<!ENTITY mcrypt.parameter.cipher '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">One of the <constant>MCRYPT_ciphername</constant> constants, or the name of the algorithm as string.</para>'>

<!ENTITY mcrypt.parameter.iv '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Used for the initialization in CBC, CFB, OFB modes, and in some algorithms in STREAM mode. If you do not supply an IV, while it is needed for an algorithm, the function issues a warning and uses an IV with all its bytes set to "<literal>\0</literal>".</para>'>

<!ENTITY mcrypt.parameter.mode '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">One of the <constant>MCRYPT_MODE_modename</constant> constants, or one of the following strings: "ecb", "cbc", "cfb", "ofb", "nofb" or "stream".</para>'>

 <!-- MCVE notes -->

<!ENTITY mcve.conn.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
conn</parameter></term><listitem><para>An MCVE_CONN resource returned by
<function>m_initengine</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!-- memcached notes -->

<!ENTITY memcached.parameter.expiration 'The expiration time, defaults to 0. See <link
 linkend="memcached.expiration" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Expiration Times</link> for more info.'>

<!ENTITY memcached.parameter.server_key 'The key identifying the server to store the value on or retrieve it from. Instead of hashing on the actual key for the item, we hash on the server key when deciding which memcached server to talk to. This allows related items to be grouped together on a single server for efficiency with multi operations.'>

<!ENTITY memcached.parameter.items 'An array of key/value pairs to store on the server.'>

<!ENTITY memcached.parameter.key 'The key under which to store the value.'>

<!ENTITY memcached.parameter.value 'The value to store.'>

<!ENTITY memcached.result.getresultcode 'Use <methodname xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Memcached::getResultCode</methodname> if necessary.'>

<!-- password notes -->

<!ENTITY password.parameter.algo 'A <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="password.constants">password algorithm constant</link> denoting the algorithm to use when hashing the password.'>

<!ENTITY password.parameter.hash 'A hash created by <function xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">password_hash</function>.'>

<!ENTITY password.parameter.options 'An associative array containing options. See the <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="password.constants">password algorithm constants</link> for documentation on the supported options for each algorithm.'>

<!ENTITY password.parameter.password 'The user&apos;s password.'>

<!-- geaman notes -->

<!ENTITY gearman.parameter.host 'The job server host name.'>

<!ENTITY gearman.parameter.port 'The job server port.'>

<!ENTITY gearman.parameter.functionname 'A registered function the worker is to execute'>

<!ENTITY gearman.parameter.workload 'Serialized data to be processed'>

<!ENTITY gearman.parameter.data 'Additional data that may be needed to complete the work'>

<!ENTITY gearman.parameter.context 'Application context to associate with a task'>

<!ENTITY gearman.parameter.unique 'A unique ID used to identify a particular task'>

<!ENTITY gearman.parameter.jobhandle 'The job handle assigned by the Gearman server'>

<!-- Date and time entities -->
<!ENTITY date.timezone.intro.title '<title xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">List of Supported Timezones</title>'>

<!ENTITY date.timezone.intro "<para xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'>
Here you'll find the complete list of timezones supported by PHP, which are
meant to be used with e.g. <function>date_default_timezone_set</function>.
</para><note xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'><simpara>The latest version of the timezone database can be
installed via PECL's <link xlink:href='&url.pecl.package.get;timezonedb' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'>timezonedb</link>.
</simpara></note>">

<!ENTITY date.timezone.bc '<simpara xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Please do not use any of the timezones
listed here (besides UTC), they only exist for backward compatible reasons.
</simpara>'>


<!ENTITY date.timezone.errors.description '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
Every call to a date/time function will generate a <constant>E_NOTICE</constant>
if the time zone is not valid, and/or a <constant>E_STRICT</constant>
or <constant>E_WARNING</constant> message
if using the system settings or the <varname>TZ</varname> environment
variable. See also <function>date_default_timezone_set</function></para>'>

<!ENTITY date.timezone.errors.changelog '<row xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><entry>5.1.0</entry><entry><para>
Now issues the <constant>E_STRICT</constant> and <constant>E_NOTICE</constant>
time zone errors.</para></entry></row>'>

<!ENTITY date.timestamp.description '
<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>timestamp</parameter></term><listitem><para>
The optional <parameter>timestamp</parameter> parameter is an
<type>integer</type> Unix timestamp that defaults to the current
local time if a <parameter>timestamp</parameter> is not given. In other
words, it defaults to the value of <function>time</function>.
</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY date.datetime.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>object</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>Procedural style only: A <classname>DateTime</classname> object
returned by <function>date_create</function></para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY date.datetime.description.modified '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>object</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>Procedural style only: A <classname>DateTime</classname> object
returned by <function>date_create</function>.
The function modifies this object.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY date.datetimezone.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
object</parameter></term><listitem><para>Procedural style only: A <classname>DateTimeZone</classname> object
returned by <function>timezone_open</function></para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY date.datetime.retval.changelog '<row xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><entry>5.3.0</entry><entry>Changed the
return value on success from &null; to <classname>DateTime</classname>.</entry></row>'>

<!ENTITY date.datetime.return.modifiedobjectorfalseforfailure 'Returns the <classname xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">DateTime</classname> object for method chaining&return.falseforfailure;.'>

<!ENTITY date.timezone.dbversion 'This list is based upon the timezone database version'>

<!ENTITY date.timezone.africa 'Africa'>
<!ENTITY date.timezone.america 'America'>
<!ENTITY date.timezone.antarctica 'Antarctica'>
<!ENTITY date.timezone.arctic 'Arctic'>
<!ENTITY date.timezone.asia 'Asia'>
<!ENTITY date.timezone.atlantic 'Atlantic'>
<!ENTITY date.timezone.australia 'Australia'>
<!ENTITY date.timezone.europe 'Europe'>
<!ENTITY date.timezone.indian 'Indian'>
<!ENTITY date.timezone.pacific 'Pacific'>
<!ENTITY date.timezone.others 'Others'>

<!ENTITY date.formats 'Valid formats are explained in <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="datetime.formats">Date and Time Formats</link>.'>
<!ENTITY date.formats.parameter 'A date/time string. &date.formats;'>

<!-- DomXml Notes -->
<!ENTITY node.inserted 'This node will not show up in the document unless it
is inserted with (e.g.) <function xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">domnode_append_child</function>.'>


<!-- Dom Notes -->
<!ENTITY dom.node.inserted 'This node will not show up in the document unless
it is inserted with (e.g.) <function xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">DOMNode::appendChild</function>.'>

<!ENTITY dom.allowstatic '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This method <emphasis>may</emphasis> be called statically, but will issue an <constant>E_STRICT</constant> error.</para>'>
<!ENTITY dom.malformederror '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">While malformed HTML should load successfully, this function may generate <constant>E_WARNING</constant> errors when it encounters bad markup. <link linkend="function.libxml-use-internal-errors">libxml&apos;s error handling functions</link> may be used to handle these errors.</para>'>

<!-- Dom Examples -->
<!ENTITY dom.book.example '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The following examples use <filename>book.xml</filename> which contains the following:</para>
<programlisting role="xml" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<!-- Warning: The CDATA markup here is a little tricky. Please DO NOT BREAK it! -->
<![CDATA[
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE books [
  <!ELEMENT books   (book+)>
  <!ELEMENT book    (title, author+, xhtml:blurb?)>
  <!ELEMENT title   (#PCDATA)>
  <!ELEMENT blurb   (#PCDATA)>
  <!ELEMENT author  (#PCDATA)>
  <!ATTLIST books   xmlns        CDATA  #IMPLIED>
  <!ATTLIST books   xmlns:xhtml  CDATA  #IMPLIED>
  <!ATTLIST book    id           ID     #IMPLIED>
  <!ATTLIST author  email        CDATA  #IMPLIED>
]>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="style.xsl"?>
<books xmlns="http://books.php/" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
  <book id="php-basics">
    <title>PHP Basics</title>
    <author email="jim.smith@basics.php">Jim Smith</author>
    <author email="jane.smith@basics.php">Jane Smith</author>
    <xhtml:blurb><![CDATA[
<p><em>PHP Basics</em> provides an introduction to PHP.</p>
]]]]><![CDATA[></xhtml:blurb>
  </book>
  <book id="php-advanced">
    <title>PHP Advanced Programming</title>
    <author email="jon.doe@advanced.php">Jon Doe</author>
  </book>
</books>
]]></programlisting>'>


<!-- FileSystem entities -->
<!ENTITY fs.emits.warning.on.failure '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
Upon failure, an <constant>E_WARNING</constant> is emitted.
</para>'>

<!ENTITY fs.validfp.all '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The file pointer must be valid, and must point to
a file successfully opened by <function>fopen</function> or
<function>fsockopen</function> (and not yet closed by
<function>fclose</function>).</para>'>

<!ENTITY fs.file.pointer '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">A file system pointer <type>resource</type>
that is typically created using <function>fopen</function>.</para>'>

<!ENTITY fs.file.32bit '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>
    Because PHP&apos;s integer type is signed and many platforms use 32bit integers,
    some filesystem functions may return unexpected results for files which
    are larger than 2GB.
   </simpara></note>'>

<!-- GNUPG -->
<!ENTITY gnupg.identifier '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The gnupg identifier, from a call to
<function>gnupg_init</function> or <classname>gnupg</classname>.</para>'>

<!ENTITY gnupg.fingerprint '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The fingerprint key.</para>'>

<!-- HaruDoc -->
<!ENTITY haru.error '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Throws a <classname>HaruException</classname> on error.</para>'>

<!-- ODBC -->
<!ENTITY odbc.connection.id '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The ODBC connection identifier,
see <function>odbc_connect</function> for details.</para>'>

<!ENTITY odbc.parameter.search 'This parameter accepts the following search patterns:
"&#x25;" to match zero or more characters, and "_" to match a single character.'>

<!-- OAUTH -->
<!ENTITY oauth.callback.error 'Emits an <constant xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">E_ERROR</constant> level
error if the callback function cannot be called, or was not specified.'>

<!ENTITY oauth.changelog.error.null 'Previously returned &null; on failure, instead of &false;.'>

<!-- Oracle -->
<!ENTITY oci.db "<para xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'>Contains
the <literal>Oracle instance</literal> to connect to. It can be
an <link xlink:href='&url.oracle.oic.connect;'>Easy Connect
string</link>, or a Connect Name from
the <filename>tnsnames.ora</filename> file, or the name of a local
Oracle instance.
</para>
<para xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'>If not specified, PHP uses
environment variables such as <constant>TWO_TASK</constant> (on Linux)
or <constant>LOCAL</constant> (on Windows)
and <constant>ORACLE_SID</constant> to determine the
<literal>Oracle instance</literal> to connect to.
</para>
<para xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'>
To use the Easy Connect naming method, PHP must be linked with Oracle
10<emphasis>g</emphasis> or greater Client libraries. The Easy Connect string for Oracle
10<emphasis>g</emphasis> is of the form:
<emphasis>[//]host_name[:port][/service_name]</emphasis>. From Oracle
11<emphasis>g</emphasis>, the syntax is:
<emphasis>[//]host_name[:port][/service_name][:server_type][/instance_name]</emphasis>.
Service names can be found by running the Oracle
utility <literal>lsnrctl status</literal> on the database server
machine.
</para>
<para xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'>
The <filename>tnsnames.ora</filename> file can be in the Oracle Net
search path, which
includes <filename>$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin</filename>
and <filename>/etc</filename>.  Alternatively
set <literal>TNS_ADMIN</literal> so
that <filename>$TNS_ADMIN/tnsnames.ora</filename> is read.  Make sure
the web daemon has read access to the file.
</para>">

<!ENTITY oci.charset "<para xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'>Determines
the character set used by the Oracle Client libraries.  The character
set does not need to match the character set used by the database.  If
it doesn't match, Oracle will do its best to convert data to and from
the database character set.  Depending on the character sets this may
not give usable results.  Conversion also adds some time overhead.
</para>
<para xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'>If not specified, the
Oracle Client libraries determine a character set from
the <constant>NLS_LANG</constant> environment variable.
</para>
<para xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'>Passing this parameter can
reduce the time taken to connect.
</para>">

<!ENTITY oci.sessionmode '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This
parameter is available since version PHP 5 (PECL OCI8 1.1) and accepts the
following values: <constant>OCI_DEFAULT</constant>,
<constant>OCI_SYSOPER</constant> and <constant>OCI_SYSDBA</constant>.
If either <constant>OCI_SYSOPER</constant> or
<constant>OCI_SYSDBA</constant> were specified, this function will try
to establish privileged connection using external credentials.
Privileged connections are disabled by default. To enable them you
need to set <link linkend="ini.oci8.privileged-connect">oci8.privileged_connect</link>
to <literal>On</literal>.
</para>
<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
PHP 5.3 (PECL OCI8 1.3.4) introduced the
<constant>OCI_CRED_EXT</constant> mode value. This tells Oracle to use
External or OS authentication, which must be configured in the
database.  The <constant>OCI_CRED_EXT</constant> flag can only be used
with username of &quot;/&quot; and a empty password.
<link linkend="ini.oci8.privileged-connect">oci8.privileged_connect</link>
may be <literal>On</literal> or <literal>Off</literal>.
</para>
<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<constant>OCI_CRED_EXT</constant> may be combined with the
<constant>OCI_SYSOPER</constant> or
<constant>OCI_SYSDBA</constant> modes.
</para>
<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<constant>OCI_CRED_EXT</constant> is not supported on Windows for
security reasons.
</para>'>

<!ENTITY oci.datatypes '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">For details on the data type mapping performed by
the OCI8 extension, see the <link linkend="oci8.datatypes">datatypes
supported by the driver</link></para>'>

<!ENTITY oci.parameter.connection '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">An Oracle connection identifier,
returned by <function>oci_connect</function>, <function>oci_pconnect</function>,
or <function>oci_new_connect</function>.</para>'>

<!ENTITY oci.availability.note.10g '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><title>Oracle version requirement</title>
<para>This function is available when PHP is linked with Oracle Database
libraries from version 10<emphasis>g</emphasis> onwards.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY oci.clientinfo.tip '<tip xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><title>Performance</title><para>With older versions of
OCI8 or the Oracle Database, the client information can be set using the Oracle
<literal>DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO</literal> package. This is less efficient than
using <function>oci_set_client_info</function>.</para></tip>'>

<!ENTITY oci.roundtrip.caution '<caution xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><title>Roundtrip Gotcha</title>
<para>Some but not all OCI8 functions cause roundtrips.  Roundtrips to the
database may not occur with queries when result caching is enabled.
</para></caution>'>

<!ENTITY oci.use.setprefetch '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">For
queries returning a large number of rows, performance can be
significantly improved by
increasing <link linkend="ini.oci8.default-prefetch">oci8.default_prefetch</link>
or using <function>oci_set_prefetch</function>.
</para>'>


<!ENTITY oci.arg.statement.id
"<para xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'>A valid OCI8 statement
identifier created by <function>oci_parse</function> and executed
by <function>oci_execute</function>, or a <literal>REF
CURSOR</literal> statement identifier.</para>">

<!-- PCNTL Notes -->
<!ENTITY pcntl.parameter.status '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The <parameter>status</parameter>
parameter is the status parameter supplied to a successful
call to <function>pcntl_waitpid</function>.</para>'>

<!-- PS Notes -->
<!ENTITY ps.note.visible '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The note will not be visible if the document
is printed or viewed but it will show up if the document is converted to
pdf by either Acrobat Distiller™ or Ghostview.</para>'>

<!-- XSLT Notes -->
<!ENTITY note.xslt.windows '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>Please note that
<literal>file://</literal> is needed in front of the path when using Windows.
</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY xslt.parameter.processor '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
processor</parameter></term><listitem><para>The <acronym>XSLT</acronym> processor
link identifier, created with <function>xslt_create</function>.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY xslt.parameter.xh '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
xh</parameter></term><listitem><para>The <acronym>XSLT</acronym> processor
link identifier, created with <function>xslt_create</function>.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>'>


<!-- Notes for safe-mode limited functions: -->
<!ENTITY note.sm.disabled '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>&sm.disabled;</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.sm.uidcheck '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>When <link
linkend="features.safe-mode">safe mode</link> is enabled, PHP checks whether
the files or directories being operated upon have the same UID (owner) as the
script that is being executed.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.sm.uidcheck.dir '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>When <link
linkend="features.safe-mode">safe mode</link> is enabled, PHP checks whether
the directory in which the script is operating has the same UID (owner) as the
script that is being executed.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.open-basedir.func '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>This function is affected by <link
linkend="ini.open-basedir">open_basedir</link>.</para></note>'>


<!ENTITY note.language-construct '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>Because this is a
language construct and not a function, it cannot be called using
<link linkend="functions.variable-functions">variable functions</link>.</simpara>
</note>'>

<!-- Common pieces in features/safe-mode.xml
     Jade doesn't allow in-line entities, so I put them here... Though they
     should have been inline in safe-mode.xml -->
<!ENTITY sm.uidcheck 'Checks whether the files or directories being operated
upon have the same UID (owner) as the script that is being executed.'>

<!ENTITY warn.sm.exec '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>With <link linkend="features.safe-mode">safe mode</link> enabled,
the command string is escaped with <function>escapeshellcmd</function>. Thus,
<literal>echo y | echo x</literal> becomes <literal>echo y \| echo x</literal>.</simpara></warning>'>

<!ENTITY note.exec-path '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>When
<link linkend="features.safe-mode">safe mode</link> is enabled, you can only
execute files within the <link linkend="ini.safe-mode-exec-dir">safe_mode_exec_dir</link>.
For practical reasons, it is currently not allowed to have <literal>..</literal>
components in the path to the executable.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY sm.uidcheck.dir 'Checks whether the directory in which
the script is operating has the same UID (owner) as the script that is being
executed.'>

<!ENTITY sm.disabled 'This function is disabled when PHP is running in <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
linkend="features.safe-mode">safe mode</link>.'>

<!-- Common pieces in partintro-sections -->
<!ENTITY no.config '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This extension has no configuration directives defined in &php.ini;.</para>'>
<!ENTITY no.resource '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This extension has no resource types defined.</para>'>
<!ENTITY no.constants '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This extension has no constants defined.</para>'>
<!ENTITY no.requirement '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">No external libraries are needed to build this extension.</para>'>
<!ENTITY no.install '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">There is no installation needed to use these
functions; they are part of the PHP core.</para>'>

<!-- Used in every chapter that has directive descriptions -->
<!ENTITY ini.descriptions.title '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Here&apos;s a short explanation of
the configuration directives.</para>'>

<!-- Common pieces for reference part BEGIN-->

<!-- Used in reference/$extname/ini.xml -->
<!ENTITY extension.runtime '<simpara xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
The behaviour of these functions is affected by settings in &php.ini;.
</simpara>'>

<!ENTITY ini.php.constants 'For further details and definitions of the
PHP_INI_* modes, see the <xref xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="configuration.changes.modes"/>.'>

<!-- Used in reference/$extname/constants.xml -->
<!ENTITY extension.constants '<simpara xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
The constants below are defined by this extension, and
will only be available when the extension has either
been compiled into PHP or dynamically loaded at runtime.
</simpara>'>

<!-- For STANDARD Constants used in reference/$extname/constants.xml -->
<!ENTITY extension.constants.core '<simpara xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
The constants below are always available as part of the PHP core.
</simpara>'>

<!-- Used in reference/$extname/classes.xml -->
<!ENTITY extension.classes '<simpara xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
The classes below are defined by this extension, and
will only be available when the extension has either
been compiled into PHP or dynamically loaded at runtime.
</simpara>'>

<!ENTITY note.extension.php5 '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>
This extension requires PHP 5.</simpara></note>'>

<!-- PDO entities -->
<!ENTITY pdo.driver-constants '<simpara xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The constants below are defined by
this driver, and will only be available when the extension has been either
compiled into PHP or dynamically loaded at runtime. In addition, these
driver-specific constants should only be used if you are using this driver.
Using driver-specific attributes with another driver may result in
unexpected behaviour. <function>PDO::getAttribute</function> may be used to
obtain the <constant>PDO_ATTR_DRIVER_NAME</constant> attribute to check the
driver, if your code can run against multiple drivers.</simpara>'>

<!-- PECL entities -->
<!ENTITY pecl.moved 'This <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&url.pecl;">PECL</link> extension
is not bundled with PHP.'>

<!ENTITY pecl.bundled 'This <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&url.pecl;">PECL</link> extension
is bundled with PHP.'>

<!ENTITY pecl.info 'Information for installing this PECL extension may be
found in the manual chapter titled <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="install.pecl">Installation
of PECL extensions</link>. Additional information such as new releases,
downloads, source files, maintainer information, and a CHANGELOG, can be
located here: '>

<!ENTITY pecl.info.dead 'This extension is considered unmaintained and dead. However, the source code for
this extension is still available within <acronym xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">PECL</acronym>
<acronym xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">SVN</acronym> here: '>

<!ENTITY pecl.source.4 'In PHP 4 this <acronym xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">PECL</acronym> extensions
source can be found in the <filename xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">ext/</filename> directory within the
PHP source or at the <acronym xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">PECL</acronym> link above.'>

<!ENTITY pecl.windows.4 'In PHP 4 this <acronym xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">DLL</acronym> resides in
the <filename xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">extensions/</filename> directory within the PHP Windows
binaries download.'>

<!ENTITY pecl.windows.download 'A <acronym xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">DLL</acronym> for this
<acronym xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">PECL</acronym> extension is currently unavailable. See also the
<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="install.windows.building">building on Windows</link>
section.'>

<!ENTITY pecl.windows.download.unbundled '&pecl.windows.download;'>

<!ENTITY pecl.moved-ver 'This extension has been moved to the
<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&url.pecl;">PECL</link> repository and is no longer bundled with
PHP as of PHP '>

<!-- kept for BC -->
<!ENTITY note.pecl-php5 '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>
This extension has been removed as of PHP 5 and moved to the
<link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&url.pecl;">PECL</link> repository.
</simpara></note>'>

<!-- Common pieces for reference part END -->


<!ENTITY windows.builtin '<simpara xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The Windows version of PHP has built-in
support for this extension. You do not need to load any additional
extensions in order to use these functions.</simpara>'>

<!-- These are here as helpers for manual consistency and brievety-->
<!ENTITY safemode '<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="ini.safe-mode">safe mode</link>'>

<!ENTITY sqlsafemode '<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="ini.sql.safe-mode">SQL safe mode</link>'>

<!-- APD Notes -->
<!ENTITY apd.debug-level.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
debug_level</parameter></term><listitem><para>An integer which is formed by adding
together the <literal>XXX_TRACE</literal> constants.</para><para>It is not recommended
to use <constant>MEMORY_TRACE</constant>. It is very slow and does not appear to be accurate.
<constant>ASSIGNMENT_TRACE</constant> is not implemented yet.</para><para>To turn on all
functional traces (TIMING, FUNCTIONS, ARGS SUMMARY (like strace -c)) use the value 99</para>
</listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!-- BCMath Notes -->
<!ENTITY bc.scale.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
scale</parameter></term><listitem><para>This optional parameter is used to set the number
of digits after the decimal place in the result. You can also set the global default scale
for all functions by using <function>bcscale</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!-- CTYPE Notes -->
<!ENTITY note.ctype.parameter.integer '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>
If an <type>integer</type> between -128 and 255 inclusive is provided, it is interpreted as
the ASCII value of a single character (negative values have 256 added in order to allow
characters in the Extended ASCII range). Any other integer is interpreted as a string
containing the decimal digits of the integer.</para></note>'>

<!-- FBSQL Notes -->
<!ENTITY fbsql.link-identifier.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
link_identifier</parameter></term><listitem><para>A FrontBase link identifier
returned by <function>fbsql_connect</function> or
<function>fbsql_pconnect</function>.</para><para>If optional and not specified,
the function will try to find an open link to the FrontBase server and if no
such link is found it will try to create one as if
<function>fbsql_connect</function> was called with no arguments.</para>
</listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY fbsql.result.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
result</parameter></term><listitem><para>A result identifier
returned by <function>fbsql_query</function> or
<function>fbsql_db_query</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!-- GMP Notes -->
<!ENTITY gmp.return 'A GMP number <type xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">resource</type> in PHP 5.5 and earlier, or a <classname xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">GMP</classname> object in PHP 5.6 and later.'>
<!ENTITY gmp.parameter '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Either a GMP number <type>resource</type> in PHP 5.5 and earlier, a <classname>GMP</classname> object in PHP 5.6 and later, or a numeric string provided that it is possible to convert the latter to a number.</para>'>

<!-- MySQLi Notes -->
<!ENTITY mysqli.result.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
result</parameter></term><listitem><para>Procedural style only: A result set
identifier returned by <function>mysqli_query</function>, <function>mysqli_store_result</function>
or <function>mysqli_use_result</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>
<!ENTITY mysqli.link.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
link</parameter></term><listitem><para>Procedural style only: A link identifier
returned by <function>mysqli_connect</function> or <function>mysqli_init</function>
</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>
<!ENTITY mysqli.stmt.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
stmt</parameter></term><listitem><para>Procedural style only: A statement identifier
returned by <function>mysqli_stmt_init</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>
<!ENTITY mysqli.available.mysqlnd 'Available only with <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
linkend="book.mysqlnd">mysqlnd</link>.'>
<!ENTITY mysqli.charset.note '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<para>MySQLnd always assumes the server default charset. This charset is sent during connection
hand-shake/authentication, which mysqlnd will use.</para><para>Libmysqlclient uses the default charset set in the
<filename>my.cnf</filename> or by an explicit call to <function>mysqli_options</function> prior to
calling <function>mysqli_real_connect</function>, but after <function>mysqli_init</function>.</para></note>'>

<!-- Notes for SAPI/Apache -->
<!ENTITY note.apache.nsapi-module '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">As of PHP 4.3.3 you can use this function with the
<link linkend="book.nsapi">NSAPI server module</link> in Netscape/iPlanet/SunONE
webservers, too.</para>'>

<!ENTITY apache.req.module '<simpara xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This function is only supported when PHP
is installed as an Apache module.</simpara>'>

<!-- SimpleXML Notes -->
<!ENTITY simplexml.iteration '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>SimpleXML has made a rule of adding
iterative properties to most methods. They cannot be viewed using <function>var_dump</function>
or anything else which can examine objects.</simpara></note>'>

<!-- SQLite Notes -->
<!ENTITY sqlite.case-fold '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The column names returned by
<constant>SQLITE_ASSOC</constant> and <constant>SQLITE_BOTH</constant> will be
case-folded according to the value of the
<link linkend="ini.sqlite.assoc-case">sqlite.assoc_case</link> configuration
option.</para>'>

<!ENTITY sqlite.decode-bin '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">When the <parameter>decode_binary</parameter>
parameter is set to &true; (the default), PHP will decode the binary encoding
it applied to the data if it was encoded using the
<function>sqlite_escape_string</function>.  You should normally leave this
value at its default, unless you are interoperating with databases created by
other sqlite capable applications.</para>'>

<!ENTITY sqlite.no-unbuffered '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>This function cannot be used with
unbuffered result handles.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY sqlite.param-compat '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>Two alternative syntaxes are
supported for compatibility with other database extensions (such as MySQL).
The preferred form is the first, where the <parameter>dbhandle</parameter>
parameter is the first parameter to the function.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY sqlite.result-type '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The optional <parameter>result_type</parameter>
parameter accepts a constant and determines how the returned array will be
indexed. Using <constant>SQLITE_ASSOC</constant> will return only associative
indices (named fields) while <constant>SQLITE_NUM</constant> will return
only numerical indices (ordinal field numbers). <constant>SQLITE_BOTH</constant>
will return both associative and numerical indices.
<constant>SQLITE_BOTH</constant> is the default for this function.</para>'>

<!-- Database Notes -->
<!ENTITY database.field-case '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>Field names returned by this function
are <emphasis>case-sensitive</emphasis>.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY database.fetch-null '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function sets NULL fields to
the PHP &null; value.</simpara></note>'>

<!-- MSQL Notes -->
<!-- The msql.*.description entities are used in the parameters refsect1 -->
<!ENTITY msql.linkid.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
link_identifier</parameter></term><listitem><para>The mSQL connection.
If not specified, the last link opened by <function>msql_connect</function>
is assumed. If no such link is found, the function will try to establish a
link as if <function>msql_connect</function> was called, and use it.
</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY msql.result.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
result</parameter></term><listitem><para>The result <type>resource</type> that
is being evaluated. This result comes from a call to
<function>msql_query</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY msql.field-offset.req.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
field_offset</parameter></term><listitem><para>The numerical field offset. The
<parameter>field_offset</parameter> starts at <literal>1</literal>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>


<!-- MySQL Notes -->
<!-- The mysql.*.description entities are used in the parameters refsect1 -->
<!ENTITY mysql.linkid.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
link_identifier</parameter></term><listitem><para>The MySQL connection. If the
link identifier is not specified, the last link opened by
<function>mysql_connect</function> is assumed. If no such link is found, it
will try to create one as if <function>mysql_connect</function> was called
with no arguments. If no connection is found or established, an
<constant>E_WARNING</constant> level error is generated.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY mysql.linkid-noreopen.description '<varlistentry
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
link_identifier</parameter></term><listitem><para>The MySQL connection. If the
link identifier is not specified, the last link opened by
<function>mysql_connect</function> is assumed. If no connection is found or
established, an <constant>E_WARNING</constant> level error is
generated.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY mysql.result.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
result</parameter></term><listitem><para>The result <type>resource</type> that
is being evaluated. This result comes from a call to
<function>mysql_query</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY mysql.field-offset.req.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
field_offset</parameter></term><listitem><para>The numerical field offset. The
<parameter>field_offset</parameter> starts at <literal>0</literal>. If
<parameter>field_offset</parameter> does not exist, an error of level
<constant>E_WARNING</constant> is also issued.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY mysql.alternative.note '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This extension is deprecated as of PHP 5.5.0, and will be removed in the future.
Instead, the <link linkend="book.mysqli">MySQLi</link> or <link linkend="ref.pdo-mysql">PDO_MySQL</link> extension should be used.
See also <link linkend="mysqlinfo.api.choosing">MySQL: choosing an API</link> guide and
<link linkend="faq.databases.mysql.deprecated">related FAQ</link> for more information. 
Alternatives to this function include:</para>'>

<!-- Sybase Notes -->
<!ENTITY sybase.ct.only '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function is only available when
using the CT library interface to Sybase, and not with the DB library.
</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY sybase.db.only '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function is only available when
using the DB library interface to Sybase, and not with the CT library.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY sybase.linkid.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
link_identifier</parameter></term><listitem><para>The Sybase connection. If the
link identifier is not specified, the last link opened by
<function>sybase_connect</function> is assumed. If no such link is found, it
will try to create one as if <function>sybase_connect</function> was called
with no arguments. If no connection is found or established, an
<constant>E_WARNING</constant> level error is generated.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>'>

<!-- CPDF Notes -->
<!ENTITY cpdf.ul '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The optional parameter <parameter>mode</parameter>
determines the unit length. If it is <literal>0</literal> or omitted, the
default unit as specified for the page is used. In other cases, the coordinates
are measured in postscript points, disregarding the current unit.</para>'>

<!ENTITY cpdf.mode.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
mode</parameter></term><listitem><para>The optional parameter <parameter>mode</parameter>
determines the unit length. If it is <literal>0</literal> or omitted, the
default unit as specified for the page is used. In other cases, the coordinates
are measured in postscript points, disregarding the current unit.</para>
</listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!ENTITY cpdf.pdf-document.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
pdf_document</parameter></term><listitem><para>The document handle, returned by
<function>cpdf_open</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!-- Xattr entities -->
<!ENTITY xattr.namespace '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Extended attributes have two different namespaces: user
and root. The user namespace is available to all users, while the root namespace
is available only to users with root privileges. xattr operates on the user
namespace  by default, but this can be changed with the
<parameter>flags</parameter> parameter.</para>'>

<!-- Notes for IPv6 -->
<!ENTITY ipv6.brackets '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>When specifying a numerical IPv6 address
(e.g. <literal>fe80::1</literal>), you must enclose the IP in square
brackets—for example, <literal>tcp://[fe80::1]:80</literal>.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY ipv6.php5 '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>IPv6 Support was added in PHP 5.0.0.
</simpara></note>'>

<!-- Notes for tidy -->
<!ENTITY note.tidy.ze2 '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara> This function is only available with
Zend Engine 2 (PHP &gt;= 5.0.0).</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY tidy.object 'The <classname xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Tidy</classname> object.'>

<!ENTITY note.tidy.1only '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function is only available in
Tidy 1.0. It became obsolete in Tidy 2.0, and thus has been removed.
</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.tidy.2only '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>The optional parameters
<parameter>config</parameter> and <parameter>encoding</parameter> were
added in Tidy 2.0.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY tidy.conf-enc '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The <parameter>config</parameter> parameter
can be passed either as an array or as a string. If a string is passed,
it is interpreted as the name of the configuration file, otherwise, it is
interpreted as the options themselves. Check
<link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&url.tidy.conf;">&url.tidy.conf;</link>
for an explanation about each option.</para><para>The
<parameter>encoding</parameter> parameter sets the encoding for input/output
documents. The possible values for <parameter>encoding</parameter> are:
<literal>ascii</literal>, <literal>latin0</literal>, <literal>latin1</literal>,
<literal>raw</literal>, <literal>utf8</literal>, <literal>iso2022</literal>,
<literal>mac</literal>, <literal>win1252</literal>, <literal>ibm858</literal>,
<literal>utf16</literal>, <literal>utf16le</literal>,
<literal>utf16be</literal>, <literal>big5</literal> and
<literal>shiftjis</literal>.</para>'>

<!-- Snippets for the installation section -->
<!ENTITY warn.apache2.compat '<warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>We do not recommend using a
threaded MPM in production with Apache 2. Use the prefork MPM, which is
the default MPM with Apache 2.0 and 2.2.
For information on why, read the related FAQ entry on using
<link linkend="faq.installation.apache2">Apache2 with a threaded MPM</link></para></warning>'>

<!ENTITY note.apache.slashes '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>Remember that when adding
path values in the Apache configuration files on Windows, all backslashes
such as <filename>c:\directory\file.ext</filename> should be converted to
forward slashes: <filename>c:/directory/file.ext</filename>. A trailing
slash may also be necessary for directories.</simpara></note>'>

<!-- Snippets and titles for the contributors section -->
<!ENTITY Credit.Authors.and.Contributors 'Authors and Contributors'>

<!ENTITY Credit.Introduction '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"> We highlight the currently most active
people on front page of the manual, but there are many more contributors who
currently help in our work or have provided a great amount of help to the project
in the past. There are a lot of unnamed people who help out with user
notes on manual pages, which continually get included in the references, the
work of whom we are also very thankful for. All of the lists provided below are in
alphabetical order.
</para>'>

<!ENTITY Credit.Authors.and.Editors 'Authors and Editors'>

<!ENTITY Credit.Past.Authors.Text 'The following contributors should be
recognized for the impact they have made and/or continue to make by adding
content to the manual:'>

<!ENTITY Credit.Past.Editors.Text 'The following contributors have done
significant work editing the manual:'>

<!ENTITY Credit.Note.Editors.Title 'User Note Maintainers'>

<!ENTITY Credit.Note.Editors.Active 'The currently most active maintainers are:'>

<!ENTITY Credit.Note.Editors.Inactive 'These people have also put a lot of effort
into managing user notes:'>

<!ENTITY listendand ' and'>

<!-- classkit and runkit entities -->
<!ENTITY note.classkit.selfmanipulation '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function cannot
be used to manipulate the currently running (or chained) method.</simpara>
</note>'>

<!ENTITY note.runkit.selfmanipulation '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function cannot
be used to manipulate the currently running (or chained) method.</simpara>
</note>'>

<!ENTITY note.runkit.sandbox '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>Sandbox support (required for
<function>runkit_lint</function>, <function>runkit_lint_file</function>,
and the <classname>Runkit_Sandbox</classname> class) is only available as of
PHP 5.1.0 or specially patched versions of PHP 5.0, and requires that thread
safety be enabled.
See the <filename>README</filename> file included in the runkit package for
more information.</simpara></note>'>

<!ENTITY note.runkit.internal-override '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>By default, only
userspace functions may be removed, renamed, or modified.  In order to
override internal functions, you must enable the
<literal>runkit.internal_override</literal> setting in &php.ini;.</simpara>
</note>'>

<!-- SSH2 Extension -->
<!ENTITY note.ssh2.subsystem.publickey '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>The public key subsystem
is used for managing public keys on a server to which the client is
<emphasis>already</emphasis> authenticated.  To authenticate to a remote system
using public key authentication, use the
<function>ssh2_auth_pubkey_file</function> function instead.</simpara></note>'>

<!-- HTTP -->
<!ENTITY see.http.request.options '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">See the full list of &link.http.request.options;.</para>'>
<!ENTITY see.http.configuration.force_exit 'See the &link.http.configuration;
<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="http.configuration.force-exit">http.force_exit</link> for what "exits" means.'>

<!ENTITY link.http.configuration '<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="http.configuration">INI setting</link>'>
<!ENTITY link.http.request.option '<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="http.request.options">request option</link>'>
<!ENTITY link.http.request.options '<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="http.request.options">request options</link>'>
<!ENTITY link.http.request.info '<link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="http.request.info">Request/response information</link>'>
<!ENTITY returns.http.response 'Returns the HTTP response(s) as string on
success, or &false; on failure.'>
<!ENTITY returns.http.false.orexits 'Returns &false; or <emphasis xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">exits</emphasis> on success'>
<!ENTITY returns.session.storage.retval 'The return value (usually &true; on success, &false; on failure). Note this value is returned internally to PHP for processing.'>
<!ENTITY http.request.affects 'Affects the following request method(s) only:'>
<!ENTITY http.request.affects.any 'Affects any request method.'>
<!ENTITY http.response.class.php51 'the <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="class.httpresponse">
<classname>HttpResponse</classname></link> class if you are using PHP 5.1.0
and above'>
<!ENTITY http.maynotwork.SAPI 'This may not work as expected with the following SAPI(s):'>
<!ENTITY http.content.disposition 'The <literal xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Content-Disposition</literal>
header is very useful if the data actually being sent came from a file or
something similar, that should be &quot;saved&quot; by the client/user (i.e. by
the browser&apos;s &quot;Save as...&quot; popup window).'>
<!ENTITY http.use.ob_start 'For use with <function xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">ob_start</function>.'>

<!ENTITY note.http.response.recalculate.etag.lm '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>Previously calculated or defined <literal>ETag</literal>
   and <literal>Last-Modified</literal> will be recalculated and redefined.</simpara></note>'>
<!ENTITY note.http.throttling.yields.process '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>Provides a basic throttling mechanism, which will yield
   the current process or thread until the entity has been completely sent.</simpara></note>'>
<!ENTITY note.http.send.API '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function should be used in conjunction with
   <function>http_send_data</function>, <function>http_send_file</function> &listendand; <function>http_send_stream</function>.</simpara></note>'>
<!ENTITY note.http.send.API.mayuse '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This function may be used in conjunction with
   <function>http_send_data</function>, <function>http_send_file</function> &listendand; <function>http_send_stream</function>.</simpara></note>'>
<!ENTITY note.http.request.encodecookies '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>The &link.http.request.option; <literal>encodecookies</literal> controls
   whether the cookie values should be <function>urlencode</function>d.</simpara></note>'>
<!ENTITY note.http.request.affects.any '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>&http.request.affects.any;</simpara></note>'>
<!ENTITY note.http.ob.once '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara>This output handler can only be used once.</simpara></note>'>

<!-- XMLWriter Notes -->
<!ENTITY xmlwriter.xmlwriter.description '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>
xmlwriter</parameter></term><listitem><para>Only for procedural calls.
The XMLWriter <type>resource</type> that is being modified. This resource comes from a call to <function>xmlwriter_open_uri</function> or <function>xmlwriter_open_memory</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!-- SOAP notes -->
<!ENTITY soap.wsdl.mode.only "<note xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'><para>This function only works in WSDL mode.</para></note>">

<!-- Stomp notes -->
<!ENTITY stomp.param.link "<varlistentry xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'><term><parameter>link</parameter></term><listitem><para>Procedural style only: The stomp link identifier returned by <function>stomp_connect</function>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>">
<!ENTITY stomp.param.headers "<varlistentry xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'><term><parameter>headers</parameter></term><listitem><para>Associative array containing the additional headers (example: receipt).</para></listitem></varlistentry>">
<!ENTITY stomp.note.transaction "<note xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'><para>A transaction header may be specified, indicating that the message acknowledgment should be part of the named transaction.</para></note>">
<!ENTITY stomp.note.sync "<tip xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'><simpara>Stomp is inherently asynchronous. Synchronous communication can be implemented adding a receipt header. This will cause methods to not return anything until the server has acknowledged receipt of the message or until read timeout was reached.</simpara></tip>">

<!-- SVN notes -->
<!ENTITY svn.relativepath "<note xmlns='http://docbook.org/ns/docbook'><simpara>Relative paths will be resolved as if the current working directory was the one that contains the PHP binary. To use the calling script&apos;s working directory, use <function>realpath</function> or dirname(__FILE__).</simpara></note>">
<!ENTITY svn.referto.status 'Refer to <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="svn.constants.status">status constants</link> for possible values.'>
<!ENTITY svn.referto.type 'Refer to <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="svn.constants.type">type constants</link> for possible values.'>

<!-- FANN notes -->
<!ENTITY fann.ann.description '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Neural network <type>resource</type>.</para>'>
<!ENTITY fann.train.description '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Neural network training data <type>resource</type>.</para>'>
<!ENTITY fann.errdat.description '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Either neural network <type>resource</type> or neural network trainining data <type>resource</type>.</para>'>
<!ENTITY fann.return.void '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">No value is returned.</para>'>
<!ENTITY fann.return.bool '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Returns &true; on success, or &false; otherwise.</para>'>
<!ENTITY fann.return.ann '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"> Returns a neural network <type>resource</type> on success, or &false; on error.</para>'>
<!ENTITY fann.return.train '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"> Returns a train data <type>resource</type> on success, or &false; on error.</para>'>

<!-- Imagick generic return types -->
<!ENTITY imagick.return.success 'Returns &true; on success.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.imagick.throws 'Throws ImagickException on error.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.imagickdraw.throws 'Throws ImagickDrawException on error.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.imagickpixel.throws 'Throws ImagickPixelException on error.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.imagickpixeliterator.throws 'Throws ImagickPixelIteratorException on error.'>

<!-- Imagick version infos -->
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x629 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.2.9 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x631 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.3.1 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x632 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.3.2 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x636 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.3.6 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x637 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.3.7 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x638 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.3.8 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x639 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.3.9 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x640 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.4.0 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x641 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.4.1 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x642 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.4.2 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x643 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.4.3 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x644 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.4.4 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x645 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.4.5 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x647 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.4.7 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x649 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.4.9 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x653 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.5.3 or newer.'>
<!ENTITY imagick.method.available.0x657 'This method is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version 6.5.7 or newer.'>

<!ENTITY imagick.constant.available 'This constant is available if Imagick has been compiled against ImageMagick version'>

<!-- Imagick default channel information -->
<!ENTITY imagick.default.channel.info 'Defaults to <constant xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Imagick::CHANNEL_DEFAULT</constant>. Refer to this list of <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="imagick.constants.channel">channel constants</link>'>

<!-- Fuzz parameter -->
<!ENTITY imagick.parameter.fuzz 'The amount of fuzz. For example, set fuzz to 10 and the color red at intensities of 100 and 102 respectively are now interpreted as the same color.'>

<!-- Channel parameter -->
<!ENTITY imagick.parameter.channel 'Provide any channel constant that is valid for your channel mode. To apply to more than one channel, combine <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="imagick.constants.channel">channel constants</link> using bitwise operators. &imagick.default.channel.info;'>

<!-- Alpha parameter -->
<!ENTITY imagick.parameter.alpha 'The level of transparency: 1.0 is fully opaque and 0.0 is fully transparent.'>

<!ENTITY imagick.imagickexception.throw 'Throw an
<classname xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">ImagickException</classname> on error.'>

<!ENTITY imagick.bestfit.note '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 <simpara>
  The behavior of the parameter <parameter>bestfit</parameter> changed in Imagick 3.0.0.
  Before this version given dimensions 400x400 an image of dimensions 200x150 would be
  left untouched. In Imagick 3.0.0 and later the image would be scaled up to size 400x300 as
  this is the "best fit" for the given dimensions. If <parameter>bestfit</parameter>
  parameter is used both width and height must be given.
 </simpara>
</note>'>

<!ENTITY note.openssl.cnf '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 <simpara>
  You need to have a valid <filename>openssl.cnf</filename> installed for
  this function to operate correctly.
  See the notes under <link linkend="openssl.installation">the installation
  section</link> for more information.
 </simpara>
</note>'>
<!ENTITY note.openssl.param-notext '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 The optional parameter <parameter>notext</parameter> affects
 the verbosity of the output; if it is &false;, then additional human-readable
 information is included in the output. The default value of
 <parameter>notext</parameter> is &true;.
</para>'>

<!-- COM/Dotnet -->
<!ENTITY com.variant-arith '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<para>
 As with all the variant arithmetic functions, the parameters for this function
 can be either a PHP native type (integer, string, floating point, boolean or
 &null;), or an instance of a COM, VARIANT or DOTNET class.  PHP native types
 will be converted to variants using the same rules as found in the constructor
 for the <xref linkend="class.variant"/> class.  COM and DOTNET objects
 will have the value of their default property taken and used as the variant value.
</para>
<para>
 The variant arithmetic functions are wrappers around the similarly named
 functions in the COM library; for more information on these functions, consult
 the MSDN library.  The PHP functions are named slightly differently; for example
 <function>variant_add</function> in PHP corresponds to <literal>VarAdd()
 </literal> in the MSDN documentation.
</para>
</note>
'>
<!ENTITY com.use-oo-instead '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 <simpara>
  This function does not exist in PHP 5; instead, you should use the regular
  and more natural OO syntax to access properties or call methods.
 </simpara>
</note>
'>

<!-- phar -->
<!ENTITY phar.write '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>This
method requires the &php.ini; setting <literal>phar.readonly</literal> to be
set to <literal>0</literal> in order to work for <classname>Phar</classname>
objects.  Otherwise, a <classname>PharException</classname> will be thrown.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY phar.removed.pharcompress '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>This
method has been removed from the phar extension as of version 2.0.0.  Alternative
implementations are available using <function>Phar::compress</function>,
<function>Phar::decompress</function>, <function>Phar::compressFiles</function> and
<function>Phar::decompressFiles</function>.</para></note>'>

<!ENTITY phar.removed.pharfileinfocompress '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>This
method has been removed from the phar extension as of version 2.0.0.  Alternative
implementations are available using <function>PharFileInfo::isCompressed</function>,
<function>PharFileInfo::decompress</function>, and <function>PharFileInfo::compress</function>.</para></note>'>

<!-- XML -->
<!ENTITY libxml.required '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This extension requires the
<link linkend="book.libxml">libxml</link> PHP extension. This means that passing in
<option role="configure">--enable-libxml</option> is also required, although this is implicitly accomplished
because libxml is enabled by default.</para>'>

<!-- XMLReader -->
<!ENTITY xmlreader.libxml20620.note '<caution xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>This function is only available when PHP is compiled against libxml 20620 or later.</para></caution>'>

<!-- inotify -->
<!ENTITY inotify.instance.description 'Resource returned by
<function xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">inotify_init</function>'>

<!-- User streams -->
<!ENTITY userstream.not.implemented.warning '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Emits
<constant>E_WARNING</constant> if call to this method fails
(i.e. not implemented).</para>'>
<!ENTITY userstream.updates.context '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>The
<varname linkend="streamwrapper.props.context">streamWrapper::$context</varname>
property is updated if a valid context is passed to the caller function.</para></note>'>

<!-- Gmagick -->
<!ENTITY gmagick.return.success 'Returns &true; on success.'>
<!ENTITY gmagick.gmagickexception.throw 'Throws an
<classname xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">GmagickException</classname> on error.'>

<!-- Reflection -->
<!ENTITY reflection.export.return 'If the <parameter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">return</parameter> parameter
is set to &true;, then the export is returned as a <type xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">string</type>,
otherwise &null; is returned.'>

<!ENTITY reflection.export.param.return 'Setting to &true; will return the export,
as opposed to emitting it. Setting to &false; (the default) will do the opposite.'>

<!ENTITY reflection.invoke.reference 'If the function has arguments that need
to be references, then they must be references in the passed argument list.'>

<!ENTITY reflection.export.param.name 'The reflection to export.'>

<!-- SPL -->
<!ENTITY spl.datastructures.intro.title '<title xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Datastructures</title>'>

<!ENTITY spl.exceptions.intro.title '<title xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Exceptions</title>'>
<!ENTITY spl.exceptions.intro '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">SPL provides a set of standard Exceptions.</para><para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">See also the <xref linkend="reserved.exceptions" /></para>'>

<!ENTITY spl.files.intro.title '<title xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">File Handling</title>'>
<!ENTITY spl.files.intro '<partintro xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>SPL provides a number of classes to work with files.</para></partintro>'>

<!ENTITY spl.interfaces.intro.title '<title xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Interfaces</title>'>
<!ENTITY spl.interfaces.intro '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">SPL provides a set of interfaces.</para><para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">See also the <xref linkend="reserved.interfaces" /></para>'>
<!ENTITY spl.interfaces.list '<title xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Interface list</title>'>

<!ENTITY spl.iterators.intro.title '<title xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Iterators</title>'>
<!ENTITY spl.iterators.intro '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">SPL provides a set of iterators to traverse over objects.</para>'>

<!ENTITY spl.misc.intro.title '<title xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Miscellaneous Classes and Interfaces</title>'>
<!ENTITY spl.misc.intro '<partintro xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>Classes and interfaces which do not fit into the other SPL categories.</para></partintro>'>

<!-- Win32Service -->
<!ENTITY win32service.false.error ', &false; if there is a problem with the parameters or a <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="win32service.constants.errors">Win32 Error Code</link> on failure.'>
<!ENTITY win32service.success.false.error 'Returns &true; on success&win32service.false.error;'>
<!ENTITY win32service.noerror.false.error 'Returns <constant xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">WIN32_NO_ERROR</constant> on success&win32service.false.error;'>

<!-- SNMP -->
<!ENTITY snmp.set.type.values '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 The <acronym>MIB</acronym> defines the type of each object id. It has to be specified as a single character from the below list.
</para>
<table xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 <title>types</title>
 <tgroup cols="2">
  <tbody>
   <row><entry>=</entry><entry>The type is taken from the MIB</entry></row>
   <row><entry>i</entry><entry>INTEGER</entry> </row>
   <row><entry>u</entry><entry>INTEGER</entry></row>
   <row><entry>s</entry><entry>STRING</entry></row>
   <row><entry>x</entry><entry>HEX STRING</entry></row>
   <row><entry>d</entry><entry>DECIMAL STRING</entry></row>
   <row><entry>n</entry><entry>NULLOBJ</entry></row>
   <row><entry>o</entry><entry>OBJID</entry></row>
   <row><entry>t</entry><entry>TIMETICKS</entry></row>
   <row><entry>a</entry><entry>IPADDRESS</entry></row>
   <row><entry>b</entry><entry>BITS</entry></row>
  </tbody>
 </tgroup>
</table>
<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 If <constant>OPAQUE_SPECIAL_TYPES</constant> was defined while compiling the <acronym>SNMP</acronym> library, the following are also valid:
</para>
<table xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 <title>types</title>
 <tgroup cols="2">
  <tbody>
   <row><entry>U</entry><entry>unsigned int64</entry></row>
   <row><entry>I</entry><entry>signed int64</entry></row>
   <row><entry>F</entry><entry>float</entry></row>
   <row><entry>D</entry><entry>double</entry></row>
  </tbody>
 </tgroup>
</table>
'>
<!ENTITY snmp.set.type.values.asn.mapping '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 Most of these will use the obvious corresponding ASN.1 type.  &apos;s&apos;, &apos;x&apos;, &apos;d&apos; and &apos;b&apos; are all different ways of specifying an OCTET STRING value, and
 the &apos;u&apos; unsigned type is also used for handling Gauge32 values.
</para>
'>
<!ENTITY snmp.set.type.values.equal.note '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 If the MIB-Files are loaded by into the MIB Tree with "snmp_read_mib" or by specifying it in the libsnmp config, &apos;=&apos; may be used as
 the <parameter>type</parameter> parameter for all object ids as the type can then be automatically read from the MIB.
</para>
'>
<!ENTITY snmp.set.type.values.bitset.note '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 Note that there are two ways to set a variable of the type BITS like e.g.
 "SYNTAX    BITS {telnet(0), ftp(1), http(2), icmp(3), snmp(4), ssh(5), https(6)}":
</para>
<itemizedlist xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 <listitem>
  <simpara>
   Using type "b" and a list of bit numbers. This method is not recommended since GET query for the same OID would return e.g. 0xF8.
  </simpara>
 </listitem>
 <listitem>
  <simpara>
   Using type "x" and a hex number but without(!) the usual "0x" prefix.
  </simpara>
 </listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 See examples section for more details.
</para>
'>
<!ENTITY snmp.methods.exceptions_enable.refsect '<refsect1 role="errors" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
&reftitle.errors;
<para>
 This method does not throw any exceptions by default.
 To enable throwing an SNMPException exception when some of library errors occur
 the SNMP class parameter <parameter>exceptions_enabled</parameter>
 should be set to a corresponding value. See <link linkend="snmp.props.exceptions-enabled">
 <parameter>SNMP::$exceptions_enabled</parameter> explanation</link> for more details.
</para>
</refsect1>
'>

<!-- Eio -->
<!ENTITY eio.callback.proto '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<parameter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">callback</parameter> function is called when the request is done.
It should match the following prototype: <programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
void callback(mixed $data, int $result[, resource $req]);
]]></programlisting>
<variablelist xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<term><parameter>data</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>is custom data passed to the request.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<term><parameter>result</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>request-specific result value; basically, the value returned by corresponding
system call.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<term><parameter>req</parameter></term>
<listitem><para>is optional request resource which can be used with functions like <function>eio_get_last_error</function></para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</para>
'>

<!ENTITY eio.request.pri.values '<para
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">The request priority: <constant
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">EIO_PRI_DEFAULT</constant>, <constant
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">EIO_PRI_MIN</constant>, <constant
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">EIO_PRI_MAX</constant>, or &null;.
If &null; passed, <parameter
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">pri</parameter> internally is set to
<constant xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">EIO_PRI_DEFAULT</constant>.
</para>
'>

<!ENTITY eio.warn.relpath '<warning
xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><simpara xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Avoid relative
paths</simpara></warning>
'>

<!ENTITY trader.arg.array.of.real 'Array of real values.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.array.of.real.high 'High price, array of real values.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.array.of.real.low 'Low price, array of real values.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.array.of.real.close 'Closing price, array of real values.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.array.of.real.open 'Opening price, array of real values.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.array.of.real.volume 'Volume traded, array of real values.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.array.of.real.periods 'Array of real values.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.penetration 'Percentage of penetration of a candle within another candle.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.vfactor 'Volume Factor. Valid range from 1 to 0.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.time.period 'Number of period. Valid range from 2 to 100000.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.fast.period 'Number of period for the fast MA. Valid range from 2 to 100000.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.slow.period 'Number of period for the slow MA. Valid range from 2 to 100000.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.signal.period 'Smoothing for the signal line (nb of period). Valid range from 1 to 100000.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.fastk.period 'Time period for building the Fast-K line. Valid range from 1 to 100000.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.fastd.period 'Smoothing for making the Fast-D line. Valid range from 1 to 100000, usually set to 3.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.slowk.period 'Smoothing for making the Slow-K line. Valid range from 1 to 100000, usually set to 3.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.slowd.period 'Smoothing for making the Slow-D line. Valid range from 1 to 100000.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.min.period 'Value less than minimum will be changed to Minimum period. Valid range from 2 to 100000'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.max.period 'Value higher than minimum will be changed to Maximum period. Valid range from 2 to 100000'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.ma.type 'Type of Moving Average. <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="trader.constants">TRADER_MA_TYPE_*</link> series of constants should be used.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.fast.ma.type 'Type of Moving Average for fast MA. <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="trader.constants">TRADER_MA_TYPE_*</link> series of constants should be used.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.slow.ma.type 'Type of Moving Average for slow MA. <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="trader.constants">TRADER_MA_TYPE_*</link> series of constants should be used.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.fastd.ma.type 'Type of Moving Average for Fast-D. <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="trader.constants">TRADER_MA_TYPE_*</link> series of constants should be used.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.slowk.ma.type 'Type of Moving Average for Slow-K. <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="trader.constants">TRADER_MA_TYPE_*</link> series of constants should be used.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.slowd.ma.type 'Type of Moving Average for Slow-D. <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="trader.constants">TRADER_MA_TYPE_*</link> series of constants should be used.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.slowk.ma.type 'Type of Moving Average for Slow-K. <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="trader.constants">TRADER_MA_TYPE_*</link> series of constants should be used.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.signal.ma.type 'Type of Moving Average for signal line. <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="trader.constants">TRADER_MA_TYPE_*</link> series of constants should be used.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.nbdevup 'Deviation multiplier for upper band. Valid range from <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="constant.trader-real-min">TRADER_REAL_MIN</link> to <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="constant.trader-real-max">TRADER_REAL_MAX</link>.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.nbdevdn 'Deviation multiplier for lower band. Valid range from <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="constant.trader-real-min">TRADER_REAL_MIN</link> to <link xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" linkend="constant.trader-real-max">TRADER_REAL_MAX</link>.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.fast.limit 'Upper limit use in the adaptive algorithm. Valid range from 0.01 to 0.99.'>
<!ENTITY trader.arg.slow.limit 'Lower limit use in the adaptive algorithm. Valid range from 0.01 to 0.99.'>

<!-- Mongo -->
<!ENTITY mongo.setreadpreference.parameters '<variablelist xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><varlistentry><term><parameter>read_preference</parameter></term><listitem><para>The read preference mode: <constant>MongoClient::RP_PRIMARY</constant>, <constant>MongoClient::RP_PRIMARY_PREFERRED</constant>, <constant>MongoClient::RP_SECONDARY</constant>, <constant>MongoClient::RP_SECONDARY_PREFERRED</constant>, or <constant>MongoClient::RP_NEAREST</constant>.</para></listitem></varlistentry><varlistentry><term><parameter>tags</parameter></term><listitem><para>An array of zero or more tag sets, where each tag set is itself an array of criteria used to match tags on replica set members.</para></listitem></varlistentry></variablelist>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.setreadpreference.returnvalues '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Returns &true; on success, or &false; otherwise.</para>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.setreadpreference.errors '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Emits <constant>E_WARNING</constant> if either parameter is invalid, or if one or more tag sets are provided with the <constant>MongoClient::RP_PRIMARY</constant> read preference mode.</para>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.getreadpreference.returnvalues '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This function returns an array describing the read preference. The array contains the values <literal>type</literal> for the string read preference mode (corresponding to the <classname>MongoClient</classname> constants), and <literal>tagsets</literal> containing a list of all tag set criteria. If no tag sets were specified, <literal>tagsets</literal> will not be present in the array.</para>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.setwriteconcern.parameters '<variablelist xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><varlistentry><term><parameter>w</parameter></term><listitem><para>The write concern. This may be an integer denoting the number of servers required to acknowledge the write, or a string mode (e.g. "majority").</para></listitem></varlistentry><varlistentry><term><parameter>wtimeout</parameter></term><listitem><para>The maximum number of milliseconds to wait for the server to satisfy the write concern.</para></listitem></varlistentry></variablelist>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.setwriteconcern.returnvalues '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Returns &true; on success, or &false; otherwise.</para>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.setwriteconcern.errors '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Emits <constant>E_WARNING</constant> if the <literal>w</literal> parameter is not an integer or string value.</para>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.getwriteconcern.returnvalues '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">This function returns an array describing the write concern. The array contains the values <literal>w</literal> for an integer acknowledgement level or string mode, and <literal>wtimeout</literal> denoting the maximum number of milliseconds to wait for the server to satisfy the write concern.</para>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.command.parameters.maxtimems '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"maxTimeMS"</literal></para><para>Specifies a cumulative time limit in milliseconds for processing the operation (does not include idle time). If the operation is not completed within the timeout period, a <classname>MongoExecutionTimeoutException</classname> will be thrown.</para></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.index.parameters.background '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"background"</literal></para><para>Builds the index in the background so that building an index does <emphasis>not</emphasis> block other database activities. Specify &true; to build in the background. The default value is &false;.</para><warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>Prior to MongoDB 2.6.0, index builds on secondaries were executed as foreground operations, irrespective of this option. See <link xlink:href="&url.mongodb.dochub.indexes.rs;" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Building Indexes with Replica Sets</link> for more information.</para></warning></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.index.parameters.dropdups '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"dropDups"</literal></para><para>Specify &true; to force creation of a unique index that may have duplicates. MongoDB will index the first occurrence of a key and delete all documents from the collection that contain subsequent occurrences of that key. The default value is &false;.</para><warning xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"dropDups"</literal> may delete data from your database. Use with extreme caution.</para></warning></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.index.parameters.expireafterseconds '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"expireAfterSeconds"</literal></para><para>The value of this option should specify the number of seconds after which a document should be considered expired and automatically removed from the collection. This option is only compatible with single-field indexes where the field will contain <classname>MongoDate</classname> values.</para><note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>This feature is available in MongoDB 2.2+. See <link xlink:href="&url.mongodb.docs.expire_data;" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Expire Data from Collections by Setting TTL</link> for more information.</para></note></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.index.parameters.name '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"name"</literal></para><para>A optional name that uniquely identifies the index.</para><note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>By default, the driver will generate an index name based on the index&apos;s field(s) and ordering or type. For example, a compound index <literal>array("x" => 1, "y" => -1)</literal> would be named <literal>"x_1_y_-1"</literal> and a geospatial index <literal>array("loc" => "2dsphere")</literal> would be named <literal>"loc_2dsphere"</literal>. For indexes with many fields, it is possible that the generated name might exceed MongoDB&apos;s <link xlink:href="&url.mongodb.docs.limits;#Index-Name-Length" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">limit for index names</link>. The <literal>"name"</literal> option may be used in that case to supply a shorter name.</para></note></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.index.parameters.sparse '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"sparse"</literal></para><para>Specify &true; to create a sparse index, which only indexes documents containing a specified field. The default value is &false;.</para></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.index.parameters.unique '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"unique"</literal></para><para>Specify &true; to create a unique index. The default value is &false;. This option applies only to ascending/descending indexes.</para><note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>When MongoDB indexes a field, if a document does not have a value for the field, a &null; value is indexed. If multiple documents do not contain a field, a unique index will reject all but the first of those documents. The <literal>"sparse"</literal> option may be used to overcome this, since it will prevent documents without the field from being indexed.</para></note></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.writes.parameters.writeconcern '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"w"</literal></para><para>See <link linkend="mongo.writeconcerns">Write Concerns</link>. The default value for <classname>MongoClient</classname> is <literal>1</literal>.</para></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.writes.parameters.writeconcerntimeout '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"wtimeout"</literal></para><para>Deprecated alias for <literal>"wTimeoutMS"</literal>.</para></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.writes.parameters.writeconcerntimeoutms '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"wTimeoutMS"</literal></para><para>This option specifies the time limit, in milliseconds, for <link linkend="mongo.writeconcerns">write concern</link> acknowledgement. It is only applicable when <literal>"w"</literal> is greater than <literal>1</literal>, as the timeout pertains to replication. If the write concern is not satisfied within the time limit, a <classname>MongoCursorException</classname> will be thrown. A value of <literal>0</literal> may be specified to block indefinitely. The default value for <classname>MongoClient</classname> is <literal>10000</literal> (ten seconds).</para></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.writes.parameters.fsync '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"fsync"</literal></para><para>Boolean, defaults to &false;. If journaling is enabled, it works exactly like <literal>"j"</literal>. If journaling is not enabled, the write operation blocks until it is synced to database files on disk. If &true;, an acknowledged insert is implied and this option will override setting <literal>"w"</literal> to <literal>0</literal>.</para><note><simpara>If journaling is enabled, users are strongly encouraged to use the <literal>"j"</literal> option instead of <literal>"fsync"</literal>. Do not use <literal>"fsync"</literal> and <literal>"j"</literal> simultaneously, as that will result in an error.</simpara></note></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.writes.parameters.sockettimeoutms '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"socketTimeoutMS"</literal></para><para>This option specifies the time limit, in milliseconds, for socket communication. If the server does not respond within the timeout period, a <classname>MongoCursorTimeoutException</classname> will be thrown and there will be no way to determine if the server actually handled the write or not. A value of <literal>-1</literal> may be specified to block indefinitely. The default value for <classname>MongoClient</classname> is <literal>30000</literal> (30 seconds).</para></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.writes.parameters.journal '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"j"</literal></para><para>Boolean, defaults to &false;. Forces the write operation to block until it is synced to the journal on disk. If &true;, an acknowledged write is implied and this option will override setting <literal>"w"</literal> to <literal>0</literal>.</para><note><simpara>If this option is used and journaling is disabled, MongoDB 2.6+ will raise an error and the write will fail; older server versions will simply ignore the option.</simpara></note></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.writes.parameters.safe '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"safe"</literal></para><para>Deprecated. Please use the <link linkend="mongo.writeconcerns">write concern</link> <literal>"w"</literal> option.</para></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.writes.parameters.timeout '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para><literal>"timeout"</literal></para><para>Deprecated alias for <literal>"socketTimeoutMS"</literal>.</para></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.errors.exceptions.writeconcern '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Throws <classname>MongoCursorException</classname> if the <literal>"w"</literal> option is set and the write fails.</para><para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Throws <classname>MongoCursorTimeoutException</classname> if the <literal>"w"</literal> option is set to a value greater than one and the operation takes longer than <varname>MongoCursor::$timeout</varname> milliseconds to complete.  This does not kill the operation on the server, it is a client-side timeout. The operation in <varname>MongoCollection::$wtimeout</varname> is milliseconds.</para>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.errors.deprecated '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Issues <constant>E_DEPRECATED</constant> warning</para>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.gridfs.store.metadata.note '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>These fields may also overwrite those that would be created automatically by the driver, as described in the MongoDB core documentation for the <link xlink:href="&url.mongodb.docs.gridfs;#the-files-collection" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">files collection</link>. Some practical use cases for this behavior would be to specify a custom <literal>chunkSize</literal> or <literal>_id</literal> for the file.</para></note>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.gridfs.store.return '<para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">Returns the <literal>_id</literal> of the saved file document. This will be a generated <classname>MongoId</classname> unless an <literal>_id</literal> was explicitly specified in the <parameter>metadata</parameter> parameter.</para>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.mongowritebatch.writeoptions.description '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>An array of Write Options.<informaltable><thead><row><entry>key</entry><entry>value meaning</entry></row></thead><tbody><row><entry>w (int|string)</entry><entry><link linkend="mongo.writeconcerns">Write concern</link> value</entry></row><row><entry>wtimeout (int)</entry><entry><link linkend="mongo.writeconcerns">Maximum time to wait for replication</link></entry></row><row><entry>ordered</entry><entry>Determins if MongoDB must apply this batch in order (sequentally, one item at a time) or can rearrange it. Defaults to &true;</entry></row><row><entry>j (bool)</entry><entry>Wait for journaling on the primary. This value is discouraged, use WriteConcern instead</entry></row><row><entry>fsync (bool)</entry><entry>Wait for fsync on the primary. This value is discouraged, use WriteConcern instead</entry></row></tbody></informaltable></para></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.mongowritebatch.collection.description '<listitem xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>The <classname>MongoCollection</classname> to execute the batch on. Its <link linkend="mongo.writeconcerns">write concern</link> will be copied and used as the default write concern if none is given as <parameter>$write_options</parameter> or during <methodname>MongoWriteBatch::execute</methodname>.</para></listitem>'>
<!ENTITY mongo.context.server ' <varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"> <term> <parameter>server</parameter> </term> <listitem> <para> An array containing the basic information about the server that was picked. <informaltable> <tgroup cols="2"> <thead> <row> <entry>key</entry> <entry>value</entry> </row> </thead> <tbody> <row> <entry>hash</entry> <entry>server hash, example: <literal>localhost:27017;-;X;56052</literal></entry> </row> <row> <entry>type</entry> <entry>Node type (primary/secondary/mongos/arbiter): <literal>2</literal></entry> </row> <row> <entry>max_bson_size</entry> <entry>The maximum BSON Size over the wire this node accepts: <literal>16777216</literal></entry> </row> <row> <entry>max_message_size</entry> <entry>The maximum Message Size over the wire this node accepts: <literal>48000000</literal></entry> </row> <row> <entry>request_id</entry> <entry>The request identifier for this message: <literal>42</literal></entry> </row> </tbody> </tgroup> </informaltable> </para> </listitem> </varlistentry>'> <!ENTITY mongo.context.writeoptions '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"> <term> <parameter>writeOptions</parameter> </term> <listitem> <para> <informaltable> <tgroup cols="2"> <thead> <row> <entry>key</entry> <entry>value</entry> </row> </thead> <tbody> <row> <entry>ordered</entry> <entry>boolean, if the operation (in case of batch operation) must be executed sequentually (ordered=true)</entry> </row> <row> <entry>writeConcern</entry> <entry>An array of writeConcern options (see below)</entry> </row> </tbody> </tgroup> </informaltable> <table> <title>writeConcern array values</title> <tgroup cols="2"> <thead> <row> <entry>key</entry> <entry>value</entry> </row> </thead> <tbody> <row> <entry>fsync</entry> <entry>boolean, force flushing to disk before returning</entry> </row> <row> <entry>j</entry> <entry>boolean, force journal write before returning</entry> </row> <row> <entry>wtimeout</entry> <entry>integer, milliseconds, maximum time the primary is allowed to wait to verify replication</entry> </row> <row> <entry>w</entry> <entry>integer=server count, or string=replication-tag</entry> </row> </tbody> </tgroup> </table> </para> </listitem> </varlistentry>'> <!ENTITY mongo.context.protocoloptions ' <varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"> <term> <parameter>protocolOptions</parameter> </term> <listitem> <para> <informaltable> <tgroup cols="2"> <thead> <row> <entry>key</entry> <entry>value</entry> </row> </thead> <tbody> <row> <entry>message_length</entry> <entry>The total size (in bytes) of the encoded message being sent over the wire</entry> </row> <row> <entry>request_id</entry> <entry>The request identifier for this message: <literal>42</literal></entry> </row> <row> <entry>namespace</entry> <entry>The MongoDB namespace used for the protocol message <literal>dbname.collectionname</literal></entry> </row> </tbody> </tgroup> </informaltable> </para> </listitem> </varlistentry>'> 
<!-- Radius -->
<!ENTITY radius.request.required '<note xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><para>A request must be created via <function>radius_create_request</function> before this function can be called.</para></note>'>
<!ENTITY radius.parameter.attribute-type '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>type</parameter></term><listitem><para>The attribute type.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>
<!ENTITY radius.parameter.handle '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>radius_handle</parameter></term><listitem><para>The RADIUS resource.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>
<!ENTITY radius.parameter.options '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>options</parameter></term><listitem><para>A bitmask of the attribute options. The available options include <link linkend="constant.radius-option-tagged"><constant>RADIUS_OPTION_TAGGED</constant></link> and <link linkend="constant.radius-option-salt"><constant>RADIUS_OPTION_SALT</constant></link>.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>
<!ENTITY radius.parameter.tag '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>tag</parameter></term><listitem><para>The attribute tag. This parameter is ignored unless the <link linkend="constant.radius-option-tagged"><constant>RADIUS_OPTION_TAGGED</constant></link> option is set.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>
<!ENTITY radius.parameter.vendor '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"><term><parameter>vendor</parameter></term><listitem><para>The vendor ID.</para></listitem></varlistentry>'>

<!-- posix snippets -->
<!ENTITY posix.parameter.fd '<varlistentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 <term><parameter>fd</parameter></term>
 <listitem>
  <para>
   The file descriptor, which is expected to be either a file
   <type>resource</type> or an <type>integer</type>. An <type>integer</type>
   will be assumed to be a file descriptor that can be passed directly to
   the underlying system call.
  </para>
  <para>
   In almost all cases, you will want to provide a file <type>resource</type>.
  </para>
 </listitem>
</varlistentry>'>

<!-- strings snippets -->
<!ENTITY strings.parameter.encoding '
 <para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
  An optional argument defining the encoding used when converting characters.
 </para>

 <para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
  If omitted, the default value of the <parameter>encoding</parameter> varies
  depending on the PHP version in use. In PHP 5.6 and later, the
  <link linkend="ini.default-charset">default_charset</link> configuration
  option is used as the default value. PHP 5.4 and 5.5 will use
  <literal>UTF-8</literal> as the default. Earlier versions of PHP use
  <literal>ISO-8859-1</literal>.
 </para>

 <para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
  Although this argument is technically optional, you are highly encouraged to
  specify the correct value for your code if you are using PHP 5.5 or earlier,
  or if your <link linkend="ini.default-charset">default_charset</link>
  configuration option may be set incorrectly for the given input.
 </para>
'>

<!ENTITY strings.changelog.encoding '
 <row xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
  <entry>5.6.0</entry>
  <entry>
   The default value for the <parameter>encoding</parameter> parameter was
   changed to be the value of the
   <link linkend="ini.default-charset">default_charset</link> configuration
   option.
  </entry>
 </row>
'>

<!-- Migration Guide snippets -->
<!ENTITY migration56.openssl.peer-verification '
   <para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
    All encrypted client streams now enable peer verification by default. By
    default, this will use OpenSSL&apos;s default CA bundle to verify the peer
    certificate. In most cases, no changes will need to be made to communicate
    with servers with valid SSL certificates, as distributors generally
    configure OpenSSL to use known good CA bundles.
   </para>
   
   <para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
    The default CA bundle may be overridden on a global basis by setting
    either the openssl.cafile or openssl.capath configuration setting, or on a
    per request basis by using the
    <link linkend="context.ssl.cafile"><parameter>cafile</parameter></link> or
    <link linkend="context.ssl.capath"><parameter>capath</parameter></link>
    context options.
   </para>

   <para xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
    While not recommended in general, it is possible to disable peer
    certificate verification for a request by setting the
    <link linkend="context.ssl.verify-peer"><parameter>verify_peer</parameter></link>
    context option to &false;, and to disable peer name validation by setting
    the
    <parameter>verify_peer_name</parameter>
    <!--<link linkend="context.ssl.verify-peer-name"><parameter>verify_peer_name</parameter></link>-->
    context option to &false;.
   </para>
'>

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