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764 lines
21 KiB
XML
764 lines
21 KiB
XML
<reference id="ref.datetime">
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<title>Date and Time functions</title>
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<titleabbrev>Date/time</titleabbrev>
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<refentry id="function.checkdate">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>checkdate</refname>
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<refpurpose>Validate a date/time</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<funcsynopsis>
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<funcdef>int <function>checkdate</function></funcdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>month</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>day</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>year</parameter></paramdef>
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</funcsynopsis>
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<para>
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Returns true if the date given is valid; otherwise returns false.
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Checks the validity of the date formed by the arguments. A date
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is considered valid if:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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year is between 0 and 32767 inclusive
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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month is between 1 and 12 inclusive
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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day is within the allowed number of days for the given month.
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Leap years are taken into consideration.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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<refentry id="function.date">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>date</refname>
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<refpurpose>Format a local time/date</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<funcsynopsis>
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<funcdef>string <function>date</function></funcdef>
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<paramdef>string <parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int
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<parameter>
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<optional>timestamp</optional>
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</parameter>
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</paramdef>
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</funcsynopsis>
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<para>
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Returns a string formatted according to the given format string
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using the given <parameter>timestamp</parameter> or the current
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local time if no timestamp is given.
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</para>
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<para>
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The following characters are recognized in the format string:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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a - "am" or "pm"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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A - "AM" or "PM"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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d - day of the month, 2 digits with leading zeros; i.e. "01"
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to "31"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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D - day of the week, textual, 3 letters; i.e. "Fri"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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F - month, textual, long; i.e. "January"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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h - hour, 12-hour format; i.e. "01" to "12"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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H - hour, 24-hour format; i.e. "00" to "23"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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g - hour, 12-hour format without leading zeros; i.e. "1" to
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"12"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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G - hour, 24-hour format without leading zeros; i.e. "0" to
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"23"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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i - minutes; i.e. "00" to "59"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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j - day of the month without leading zeros; i.e. "1" to "31"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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l (lowercase 'L') - day of the week, textual, long;
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i.e. "Friday"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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L - boolean for whether it is a leap year; i.e. "0" or "1"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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m - month; i.e. "01" to "12"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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n - month without leading zeros; i.e. "1" to "12"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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M - month, textual, 3 letters; i.e. "Jan"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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s - seconds; i.e. "00" to "59"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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S - English ordinal suffix, textual, 2 characters; i.e. "th",
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"nd"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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t - number of days in the given month; i.e. "28" to "31"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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U - seconds since the epoch
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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w - day of the week, numeric, i.e. "0" (Sunday) to "6"
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(Saturday)
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Y - year, 4 digits; i.e. "1999"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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y - year, 2 digits; i.e. "99"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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z - day of the year; i.e. "0" to "365"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Z - timezone offset in seconds (i.e. "-43200" to "43200")
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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Unrecognized characters in the format string will be printed
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as-is. The "Z" format will always return "0" when using
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<function>gmdate</function>.
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<example>
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<title><function>Date</function> example</title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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print (date ("l dS of F Y h:i:s A"));
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print ("July 1, 2000 is on a " . date ("l", mktime(0,0,0,7,1,2000)));
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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</para>
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<para>
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It is possible to use <function>date</function> and
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<function>mktime</function> together to find dates in the future
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or the past.
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<example>
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<title>
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<function>Date</function> and <function>mktime</function>
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example
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</title>
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<programlisting>
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$tomorrow = mktime (0,0,0,date("m") ,date("d")+1,date("Y"));
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$lastmonth = mktime (0,0,0,date("m")-1,date("d"), date("Y"));
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$nextyear = mktime (0,0,0,date("m"), date("d"), date("Y")+1);
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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</para>
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<para>
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To format dates in other languages, you should use the
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<function>setlocale</function> and <function>strftime</function>
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functions.
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</para>
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<para>
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See also <function>gmdate</function> and
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<function>mktime</function>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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<refentry id="function.getdate">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>getdate</refname>
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<refpurpose>Get date/time information</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<funcsynopsis>
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<funcdef>array <function>getdate</function></funcdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>timestamp</parameter></paramdef>
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</funcsynopsis>
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<para>
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Returns an associative array containing the date information of
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the timestamp as the following array elements:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"seconds" - seconds
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"minutes" - minutes
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"hours" - hours
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"mday" - day of the month
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"wday" - day of the week, numeric
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"mon" - month, numeric
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"year" - year, numeric
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"yday" - day of the year, numeric; i.e. "299"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"weekday" - day of the week, textual, full; i.e. "Friday"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"month" - month, textual, full; i.e. "January"
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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<refentry id="function.gettimeofday">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>gettimeofday</refname>
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<refpurpose>Get current time</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<funcsynopsis>
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<funcdef>array <function>gettimeofday</function></funcdef>
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<paramdef>void</paramdef>
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</funcsynopsis>
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<para>
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This is an interface to gettimeofday(2). It returns an
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associative array containing the data returned from the system
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call.
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"sec" - seconds
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"usec" - microseconds
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"minuteswest" - minutes west of Greenwich
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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"dsttime" - type of dst correction
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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<refentry id="function.gmdate">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>gmdate</refname>
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<refpurpose>Gormat a GMT/CUT date/time</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<funcsynopsis>
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<funcdef>string <function>gmdate</function></funcdef>
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<paramdef>string <parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>timestamp</parameter></paramdef>
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</funcsynopsis>
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<para>
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Identical to the <function>date</function> function except that
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the time returned is Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). For example, when
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run in Finland (GMT +0200), the first line below prints "Jan 01
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1998 00:00:00", while the second prints "Dec 31 1997 22:00:00".
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<example>
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<title><function>Gmdate</function> example</title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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echo date ("M d Y H:i:s", mktime (0,0,0,1,1,1998));
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echo gmdate ("M d Y H:i:s", mktime (0,0,0,1,1,1998));
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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</para>
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<para>
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See also <function>date</function>, <function>mktime</function>,
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and <function>gmmktime</function>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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<refentry id="function.gmmktime">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>gmmktime</refname>
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<refpurpose>Get UNIX timestamp for a GMT date</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<funcsynopsis>
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<funcdef>int <function>gmmktime</function></funcdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>hour</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>minute</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>second</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>month</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>day</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>year</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int
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<parameter><optional>is_dst</optional></parameter>
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</paramdef>
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</funcsynopsis>
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<para>
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Identical to <function>mktime</function> except the passed
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parameters represents a GMT date.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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<refentry id="function.gmstrftime">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>gmstrftime</refname>
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<refpurpose>
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Format a GMT/CUT time/date according to locale settings
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</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<funcsynopsis>
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<funcdef>string <function>gmstrftime</function></funcdef>
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<paramdef>string <parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>timestamp</parameter></paramdef>
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</funcsynopsis>
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<para>
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Behaves the same as <function>strftime</function> except that the
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time returned is Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). For example, when run
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in Eastern Standard Time (GMT -0500), the first line below prints
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"Dec 31 1998 20:00:00", while the second prints "Jan 01 1999
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01:00:00".
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<example>
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<title><function>Gmstrftime</function> example</title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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setlocale ('LC_TIME', 'en_US');
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echo strftime ("%b %d %Y %H:%M:%S", mktime (20,0,0,12,31,98))."\n";
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echo gmstrftime ("%b %d %Y %H:%M:%S", mktime (20,0,0,12,31,98))."\n";
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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</para>
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<para>
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See also <function>strftime</function>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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|
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<refentry id="function.microtime">
|
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>microtime</refname>
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<refpurpose>
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Return current UNIX timestamp with microseconds</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<funcsynopsis>
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<funcdef>string <function>microtime</function></funcdef>
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<void/>
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</funcsynopsis>
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<para>
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Returns the string "msec sec" where sec is the current time
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measured in the number of seconds since the Unix Epoch (0:00:00
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January 1, 1970 GMT), and msec is the microseconds part. This
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function is only available on operating systems that support the
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gettimeofday() system call.
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</para>
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<para>
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See also <function>time</function>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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|
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<refentry id="function.mktime">
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<refnamediv>
|
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<refname>mktime</refname>
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<refpurpose>Get UNIX timestamp for a date</refpurpose>
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|
</refnamediv>
|
|
<refsect1>
|
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<title>Description</title>
|
|
<funcsynopsis>
|
|
<funcdef>int <function>mktime</function></funcdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>hour</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>minute</parameter></paramdef>
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|
<paramdef>int <parameter>second</parameter></paramdef>
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|
<paramdef>int <parameter>month</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>int <parameter>day</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>int <parameter>year</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>int
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<parameter><optional>is_dst</optional></parameter>
|
|
</paramdef>
|
|
</funcsynopsis>
|
|
<para>
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|
<emphasis>Warning:</emphasis> Note the strange order of
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|
arguments, which differs from the order of arguments in a regular
|
|
UNIX mktime() call and which does not lend itself well to leaving
|
|
out parameters from right to left (see below). It is a common
|
|
error to mix these values up in a script.
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|
</para>
|
|
<para>
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Returns the Unix timestamp corresponding to the arguments
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given. This timestamp is a long integer containing the number of
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seconds between the Unix Epoch (January 1 1970) and the time
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specified.
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|
</para>
|
|
<para>
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|
Arguments may be left out in order from right to left; any
|
|
arguments thus omitted will be set to the current value according
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to the local date and time.
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|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<parameter>is_dst</parameter> can be set to 1 if the time is
|
|
during daylight savings time, 0 if it is not, or -1 (the default)
|
|
if it is unknown whether the time is within daylight savings time
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|
or not.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<parameter>is_dst</parameter> was added in 3.0.10.
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|
</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
<para>
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|
<function>Mktime</function> is useful for doing date arithmetic
|
|
and validation, as it will automatically calculate the correct
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|
value for out-of-range input. For example, each of the following
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|
lines produces the string "Jan-01-1998".
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title><function>Mktime</function> example</title>
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<programlisting>
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echo date ("M-d-Y", mktime (0,0,0,12,32,1997));
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echo date ("M-d-Y", mktime (0,0,0,13,1,1997));
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echo date ("M-d-Y", mktime (0,0,0,1,1,1998));
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echo date ("M-d-Y", mktime (0,0,0,1,1,98));
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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<parameter>year</parameter> may be a two or four digit value,
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with values between 0-69 mapping to 2000-2069 and 70-99 to
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1970-1999 (on systems where time_t is a 32bit signed integer, as
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most common today, the valid range for
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<parameter>year</parameter> is somewhere between 1902 and 2037).
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</para>
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<para>
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The last day of any given month can be expressed as the "0" day
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of the next month, not the -1 day. Both of the following examples
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will produce the string "The last day in Feb 2000 is: 29".
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<example>
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<title>Last day of next month</title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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$lastday = mktime (0,0,0,3,0,2000);
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echo strftime ("Last day in Feb 2000 is: %d", $lastday);
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$lastday = mktime (0,0,0,4,-31,2000);
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echo strftime ("Last day in Feb 2000 is: %d", $lastday);
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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</para>
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<para>
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See also <function>date</function> and <function>time</function>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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<refentry id="function.strftime">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>strftime</refname>
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<refpurpose>format a local time/date according to locale settings
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</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<funcsynopsis>
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<funcdef>string <function>strftime</function></funcdef>
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<paramdef>string <parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
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<paramdef>int <parameter>timestamp</parameter></paramdef>
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</funcsynopsis>
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<para>
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Returns a string formatted according to the given format string
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using the given <parameter>timestamp</parameter> or the current
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local time if no timestamp is given. Month and weekday names and
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other language dependent strings respect the current locale set
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with <function>setlocale</function>.
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</para>
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<para>
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The following conversion specifiers are recognized in the format
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string:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%a - abbreviated weekday name according to the current locale
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%A - full weekday name according to the current locale
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%b - abbreviated month name according to the current locale
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%B - full month name according to the current locale
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%c - preferred date and time representation for the current
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locale
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%d - day of the month as a decimal number (range 00 to 31)
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%H - hour as a decimal number using a 24-hour clock (range 00
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to 23)
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%I - hour as a decimal number using a 12-hour clock (range 01
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to 12)
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%j - day of the year as a decimal number (range 001 to 366)
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%m - month as a decimal number (range 1 to 12)
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%M - minute as a decimal number
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%p - either `am' or `pm' according to the given time value, or
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the corresponding strings for the current locale
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%S - second as a decimal number
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%U - week number of the current year as a decimal number,
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starting with the first Sunday as the first day of the first
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week
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%W - week number of the current year as a decimal number,
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starting with the first Monday as the first day of the first
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week
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%w - day of the week as a decimal, Sunday being 0
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%x - preferred date representation for the current locale
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without the time
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%X - preferred time representation for the current locale
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without the date
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%y - year as a decimal number without a century (range 00 to
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99)
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%Y - year as a decimal number including the century
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%Z - time zone or name or abbreviation
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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%% - a literal `%' character
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<example>
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<title><function>Strftime</function> example</title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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setlocale ("LC_TIME", "C");
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print (strftime ("%A in Finnish is "));
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setlocale ("LC_TIME", "fi_FI");
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print (strftime ("%A, in French "));
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setlocale ("LC_TIME", "fr_CA");
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print (strftime ("%A and in German "));
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setlocale ("LC_TIME", "de_DE");
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print (strftime ("%A.\n"));
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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This example works if you have the respective locales installed
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in your system.
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</para>
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<para>
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See also <function>setlocale</function> and
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<function>mktime</function>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
|
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|
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<refentry id="function.time">
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<refnamediv>
|
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<refname>time</refname>
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<refpurpose>Return current UNIX timestamp</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
|
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<refsect1>
|
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<title>Description</title>
|
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<funcsynopsis>
|
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<funcdef>int <function>time</function></funcdef>
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<void/>
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</funcsynopsis>
|
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<para>
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Returns the current time measured in the number of seconds since
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the Unix Epoch (January 1 1970 00:00:00 GMT).
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</para>
|
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<para>
|
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See also <function>date</function>.
|
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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</reference>
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<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
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Local variables:
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mode: sgml
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sgml-omittag:t
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sgml-shorttag:t
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sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
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sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
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sgml-indent-step:1
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sgml-indent-data:t
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sgml-parent-document:nil
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sgml-default-dtd-file:"../../manual.ced"
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sgml-exposed-tags:nil
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sgml-local-catalogs:nil
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sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
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End:
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-->
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