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135 lines
4.6 KiB
XML
135 lines
4.6 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<!-- $Revision$ -->
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<refentry xml:id="ref.pdo-4d.sql4d" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>SQL acceptable by 4D</refname>
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<refpurpose>PDO and SQL 4D</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1 role="description">
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&reftitle.description;
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<para>
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4D implements strictly the ANSI 89 standard, and have it enforced.
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It is highly recommended to read the 4D SQL documentation to learn
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about the available commands. The URL of the manual is :
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<link xlink:href="&url.4d.doc;">&url.4d.doc;</link>.
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Below is a list of 4D SQL characteristics: it is not exhaustive,
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but may serve as an introduction.
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</para>
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<para>
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<table>
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<title>Characteristics of 4D SQL</title>
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<tgroup cols="3">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry>Characteristics</entry>
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<entry>Alternative</entry>
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<entry>Note</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>INTEGER</entry>
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<entry>INT is the supported integer type. Modify the SQL to use INT.</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>UNION</entry>
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<entry>Unsupported. Make separate queries.</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>LEFT JOIN</entry>
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<entry>Use the SQL 89 notation</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>SELECT 1 + 1;</entry>
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<entry>SELECT 1 + 1 FROM _USER_SCHEMAS;</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>FLOAT</entry>
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<entry>Cast the FLOAT value with a SQL 4D function (ROUND, TRUNC or TRUNCATE)</entry>
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<entry>Unsupported in the driver PDO_4D v1.0</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Strong typing : one must provide the right type that 4D expect. One can't insert '1' (as a string) in an INTEGER column.</entry>
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<entry>Modify your SQL query, or your PHP to adapt the type</entry>
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<entry>Unsupported</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry><function>PDO::execute($row)</function></entry>
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<entry>Use the prepared statements, and use the right types. It will also
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only works if all the table's column are of type <literal>TEXT</literal>.</entry>
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<entry>The PDO extension cast all values through execute() as string, and expect the SQL database to parse the values.</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>SELECT NULL FROM TABLE</entry>
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<entry>It is not allowed to use the NULL constante in the select list</entry>
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<entry>Do not use NULL constants. Extract them from the table</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>SELECT * FROM TABLE WHERE 1</entry>
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<entry>A constant can't be used in a WHERE clause.</entry>
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<entry>Use <literal>1 = 1</literal></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>SHOW TABLES</entry>
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<entry>The list of tables, schemas, index, etc. are in 7 4D tables</entry>
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<entry>
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Use <literal>_USER_TABLES</literal>, <literal>_USER_COLUMNS</literal>,
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<literal>_USER_INDEXES</literal>, <literal>_USER_CONSTRAINTS</literal>,
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<literal>_USER_IND_COLUMNS</literal>, <literal>_USER_CONS_COLUMNS</literal>,
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and <literal>_USER_SCHEMAS</literal>.
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>SQL structure delimiter</entry>
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<entry>To escape SQL elements (tables, fields, users, groups, schema,
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primary key, etc.), closing brackets must be doubled, and the whole
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identifier must be between square brackets.
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</entry>
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<entry>
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Use the following function to protect SQL objects, and then,
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put it between square brackets :
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<literal>str_replace(']',']]', $table)</literal>.
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</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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</para>
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<note>
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<para>
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In version 11.3 and below, it wasn't possible to use the SQL syntax
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<literal>id INT PRIMARY KEY</literal> during the creation of a table.
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This have been fixed in 4D 11.4 and up. It is recommended to use
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at least version 11.4 with PDO_4D.
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</para>
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</note>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
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Local variables:
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mode: sgml
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sgml-omittag:t
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sgml-shorttag:t
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sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
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sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
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sgml-indent-step:1
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sgml-indent-data:t
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indent-tabs-mode:nil
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sgml-parent-document:nil
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sgml-default-dtd-file:"~/.phpdoc/manual.ced"
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sgml-exposed-tags:nil
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sgml-local-catalogs:nil
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sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
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End:
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vim600: syn=xml fen fdm=syntax fdl=2 si
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vim: et tw=78 syn=sgml
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vi: ts=1 sw=1
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-->
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