php-doc-en/reference/filesystem/functions/fnmatch.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- $Revision$ -->
<refentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xml:id="function.fnmatch">
 <refnamediv>
  <refname>fnmatch</refname>
  <refpurpose>Match filename against a pattern</refpurpose>
 </refnamediv>
 
 <refsect1 role="description">
  &reftitle.description;
  <methodsynopsis>
   <type>bool</type><methodname>fnmatch</methodname>
   <methodparam><type>string</type><parameter>pattern</parameter></methodparam>
   <methodparam><type>string</type><parameter>string</parameter></methodparam>
   <methodparam choice="opt"><type>int</type><parameter>flags</parameter><initializer>0</initializer></methodparam>
  </methodsynopsis>
  <para>
   <function>fnmatch</function> checks if the passed <parameter>string</parameter> would
   match the given shell wildcard <parameter>pattern</parameter>.
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="parameters">
  &reftitle.parameters;
  <para>
   <variablelist>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>pattern</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       The shell wildcard pattern.
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>string</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       The tested string. This function is especially useful for filenames,
       but may also be used on regular strings.
      </para>
      <para>
       The average user may be used to shell patterns or at least in their
       simplest form to <literal>'?'</literal> and <literal>'*'</literal>
       wildcards so using <function>fnmatch</function> instead of
       <function>preg_match</function> for
       frontend search expression input may be way more convenient for
       non-programming users.
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>flags</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       The value of <parameter>flags</parameter> can be any combination of 
       the following flags, joined with the
       <link linkend="language.operators.bitwise">binary OR (|) operator</link>.
       <table>
        <title>
         A list of possible flags for <function>fnmatch</function>
        </title>
        <tgroup cols="2">
         <thead>
          <row>
           <entry><parameter>Flag</parameter></entry>
           <entry>Description</entry>
          </row>
         </thead>
         <tbody>
          <row>
           <entry><constant>FNM_NOESCAPE</constant></entry>
           <entry>
            Disable backslash escaping.
           </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
           <entry><constant>FNM_PATHNAME</constant></entry>
           <entry>
            Slash in string only matches slash in the given pattern.
           </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
           <entry><constant>FNM_PERIOD</constant></entry>
           <entry>
            Leading period in string must be exactly matched by period in the given pattern.
           </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
           <entry><constant>FNM_CASEFOLD</constant></entry>
           <entry>
            Caseless match. Part of the GNU extension.
           </entry>
          </row>
         </tbody>
        </tgroup>
       </table>
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
   </variablelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="returnvalues">
  &reftitle.returnvalues;
  <para>
   Returns &true; if there is a match, &false; otherwise.
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="changelog">
  &reftitle.changelog;
  <para>
   <informaltable>
    <tgroup cols="2">
     <thead>
      <row>
       <entry>&Version;</entry>
       <entry>&Description;</entry>
      </row>
     </thead>
     <tbody>
      <row>
       <entry>5.3.0</entry>
       <entry>
        This function is now available on Windows platforms.
       </entry>
      </row>
     </tbody>
    </tgroup>
   </informaltable>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="examples">
  &reftitle.examples;
  <para>
   <example>
    <title>Checking a color name against a shell wildcard pattern</title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
if (fnmatch("*gr[ae]y", $color)) {
  echo "some form of gray ...";
}
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
   </example>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="notes">
  &reftitle.notes;
  <warning>
   <para>
    For now this function is not available on non-POSIX compliant systems.
   </para>
  </warning>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="seealso">
  &reftitle.seealso;
  <para>
   <simplelist>
    <member><function>glob</function></member>
    <member><function>preg_match</function></member>
    <member><function>sscanf</function></member>
    <member><function>printf</function></member>
    <member><function>sprintf</function></member>
   </simplelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

</refentry>

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