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https://github.com/sigmasternchen/php-doc-en
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This may be important shortly. :) git-svn-id: https://svn.php.net/repository/phpdoc/en/trunk@332635 c90b9560-bf6c-de11-be94-00142212c4b1
424 lines
13 KiB
XML
424 lines
13 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<!-- $Revision$ -->
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<refentry xml:id="wrappers.php" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" role="noversion">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>php://</refname>
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<refpurpose>Accessing various I/O streams</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1 role="description">
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&reftitle.description;
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<para>
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PHP provides a number of miscellaneous I/O streams that allow access to
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PHP's own input and output streams, the standard input, output and error
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file descriptors, in-memory and disk-backed temporary file streams, and
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filters that can manipulate other file resources as they are read from and
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written to.
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</para>
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<refsect2>
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<title>php://stdin, php://stdout and php://stderr</title>
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<simpara>
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<filename>php://stdin</filename>, <filename>php://stdout</filename> and
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<filename>php://stderr</filename> allow direct access to the corresponding
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input or output stream of the PHP process. The stream references a
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duplicate file descriptor, so if you open <filename>php://stdin</filename>
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and later close it, you close only your copy of the descriptor-the actual
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stream referenced by <constant>STDIN</constant> is unaffected. Note that
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PHP exhibited buggy behavior in this regard until PHP 5.2.1. It is
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recommended that you simply use the constants <constant>STDIN</constant>,
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<constant>STDOUT</constant> and <constant>STDERR</constant> instead of
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manually opening streams using these wrappers.
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</simpara>
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<simpara>
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<filename>php://stdin</filename> is read-only, whereas
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<filename>php://stdout</filename> and <filename>php://stderr</filename> are
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write-only.
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</simpara>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2 xml:id="wrappers.php.input">
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<title>php://input</title>
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<simpara>
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<filename>php://input</filename> is a read-only stream that allows you to
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read raw data from the request body. In the case of POST requests, it is
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preferable to use <filename>php://input</filename> instead of <varname>$HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA</varname> as it does not depend
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on special &php.ini; directives. Moreover, for those cases where
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<varname>$HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA</varname> is not populated by default, it is a
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potentially less memory intensive alternative to activating <link
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linkend="ini.always-populate-raw-post-data">always_populate_raw_post_data</link>.
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<filename>php://input</filename> is not available with
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<literal>enctype="multipart/form-data"</literal>.
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</simpara>
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<note>
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<simpara>
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A stream opened with <filename>php://input</filename> can only be read
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once; the stream does not support seek operations. However, depending on
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the SAPI implementation, it may be possible to open another
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<filename>php://input</filename> stream and restart reading. This is only
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possible if the request body data has been saved. Typically, this is the
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case for POST requests, but not other request methods, such as PUT or
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PROPFIND.
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</simpara>
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</note>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2>
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<title>php://output</title>
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<para>
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<filename>php://output</filename> is a write-only stream that allows you to
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write to the output buffer mechanism in the same way as
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<function>print</function> and <function>echo</function>.
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</para>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2>
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<title>php://fd</title>
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<simpara>
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<filename>php://fd</filename> allows direct access to the given file
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descriptor. For example, <filename>php://fd/3</filename> refers to file
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descriptor 3.
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</simpara>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2>
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<title>php://memory and php://temp</title>
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<simpara>
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<filename>php://memory</filename> and <filename>php://temp</filename> are
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read-write streams that allow temporary data to be stored in a file-like
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wrapper. The only difference between the two is that
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<filename>php://memory</filename> will always store its data in memory,
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whereas <filename>php://temp</filename> will use a temporary file once the
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amount of data stored hits a predefined limit (the default is 2 MB). The
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location of this temporary file is determined in the same way as the
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<function>sys_get_temp_dir</function> function.
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</simpara>
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<simpara>
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The memory limit of <filename>php://temp</filename> can be controlled by
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appending <literal>/maxmemory:NN</literal>, where <literal>NN</literal> is
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the maximum amount of data to keep in memory before using a temporary
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file, in bytes.
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</simpara>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2>
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<title>php://filter</title>
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<simpara>
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<filename>php://filter</filename> is a kind of meta-wrapper designed to
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permit the application of <link linkend="filters">filters</link> to a
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stream at the time of opening. This is useful with all-in-one file
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functions such as <function>readfile</function>,
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<function>file</function>, and <function>file_get_contents</function>
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where there is otherwise no opportunity to apply a filter to the stream
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prior the contents being read.
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</simpara>
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<para>
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The <filename>php://filter</filename> target takes the following parameters
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as part of its path. Multiple filter chains can be specified on one path.
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Please refer to the examples for specifics on using these parameters.
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</para>
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<para>
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<table>
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<title>php://filter parameters</title>
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<tgroup cols="2">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry>Name</entry>
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<entry>Description</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<literal>resource=<stream to be filtered></literal>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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This parameter is required. It specifies the stream that you would
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like to filter.
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<literal>read=<filter list to apply to read chain></literal>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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This parameter is optional. One or more filter names can be provided
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here, separated by the pipe character (<literal>|</literal>).
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<literal>write=<filter list to apply to write chain></literal>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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This parameter is optional. One or more filter names can be provided
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here, separated by the pipe character (<literal>|</literal>).
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<literal><filter list to apply to both chains></literal>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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Any filter lists which are not prefixed by <literal>read=</literal>
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or <literal>write=</literal> will be applied to both the read and
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write chains as appropriate.
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</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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</para>
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</refsect2>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 role="options"><!-- {{{ -->
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&reftitle.options;
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<para>
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<table>
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<title>
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Wrapper Summary (for <literal>php://filter</literal>, refer to the
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summary of the wrapper being filtered)
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</title>
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<tgroup cols="2">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry>Attribute</entry>
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<entry>Supported</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>Restricted by <link linkend="ini.allow-url-fopen">allow_url_fopen</link></entry>
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<entry>No</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Restricted by <link linkend="ini.allow-url-include">allow_url_include</link></entry>
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<entry>
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<literal>php://input</literal>,
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<literal>php://stdin</literal>,
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<literal>php://memory</literal> and
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<literal>php://temp</literal> only.
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Allows Reading</entry>
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<entry>
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<literal>php://stdin</literal>,
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<literal>php://input</literal>,
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<literal>php://fd</literal>,
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<literal>php://memory</literal> and
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<literal>php://temp</literal> only.
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Allows Writing</entry>
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<entry>
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<literal>php://stdout</literal>,
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<literal>php://stderr</literal>,
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<literal>php://output</literal>,
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<literal>php://fd</literal>,
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<literal>php://memory</literal> and
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<literal>php://temp</literal> only.
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Allows Appending</entry>
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<entry>
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<literal>php://stdout</literal>,
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<literal>php://stderr</literal>,
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<literal>php://output</literal>,
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<literal>php://fd</literal>,
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<literal>php://memory</literal> and
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<literal>php://temp</literal> only. (Equivalent to writing)
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Allows Simultaneous Reading and Writing</entry>
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<entry>
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<literal>php://fd</literal>,
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<literal>php://memory</literal> and
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<literal>php://temp</literal> only.
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Supports <function>stat</function></entry>
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<entry>
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<literal>php://memory</literal> and
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<literal>php://temp</literal> only.
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Supports <function>unlink</function></entry>
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<entry>No</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Supports <function>rename</function></entry>
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<entry>No</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Supports <function>mkdir</function></entry>
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<entry>No</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Supports <function>rmdir</function></entry>
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<entry>No</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>Supports <function>stream_select</function></entry>
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<entry>
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<literal>php://stdin</literal>,
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<literal>php://stdout</literal>,
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<literal>php://stderr</literal>,
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<literal>php://fd</literal> and
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<literal>php://temp</literal> only.
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</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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</para>
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</refsect1> <!-- }}} -->
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<refsect1 role="changelog"><!-- {{{ -->
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&reftitle.changelog;
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<para>
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<informaltable>
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<tgroup cols="2">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry>&Version;</entry>
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<entry>&Description;</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>5.3.6</entry>
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<entry>
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<filename>php://fd</filename> was added.
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>5.1.0</entry>
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<entry>
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<filename>php://memory</filename> and <filename>php://temp</filename>
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were added.
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>5.0.0</entry>
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<entry>
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<filename>php://filter</filename> was added.
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</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</informaltable>
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</para>
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</refsect1><!-- }}} -->
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<refsect1 role="examples"><!-- {{{ -->
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&reftitle.examples;
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<example><!-- {{{ -->
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<title>php://temp/maxmemory</title>
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<para>
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This optional parameter allows setting the memory limit before
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<filename>php://temp</filename> starts using a temporary file.
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</para>
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<?php
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// Set the limit to 5 MB.
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$fiveMBs = 5 * 1024 * 1024;
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$fp = fopen("php://temp/maxmemory:$fiveMBs", 'r+');
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fputs($fp, "hello\n");
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// Read what we have written.
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rewind($fp);
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echo stream_get_contents($fp);
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?>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example><!-- }}} -->
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<example><!-- {{{ -->
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<title>php://filter/resource=<stream to be filtered></title>
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<para>
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This parameter must be located at
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the end of your <filename>php://filter</filename> specification and
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should point to the stream which you want filtered.
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</para>
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<?php
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/* This is equivalent to simply:
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readfile("http://www.example.com");
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since no filters are actually specified */
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readfile("php://filter/resource=http://www.example.com");
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?>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example><!-- }}} -->
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<example><!-- {{{ -->
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<title>php://filter/read=<filter list to apply to read chain></title>
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<para>
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This parameter takes one or more
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filternames separated by the pipe character <literal>|</literal>.
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</para>
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<?php
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/* This will output the contents of
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www.example.com entirely in uppercase */
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readfile("php://filter/read=string.toupper/resource=http://www.example.com");
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/* This will do the same as above
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but will also ROT13 encode it */
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readfile("php://filter/read=string.toupper|string.rot13/resource=http://www.example.com");
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?>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example><!-- }}} -->
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<example><!-- {{{ -->
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<title>php://filter/write=<filter list to apply to write chain></title>
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<para>
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This parameter takes one or more
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filternames separated by the pipe character <literal>|</literal>.
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</para>
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<?php
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/* This will filter the string "Hello World"
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through the rot13 filter, then write to
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example.txt in the current directory */
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file_put_contents("php://filter/write=string.rot13/resource=example.txt","Hello World");
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?>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example><!-- }}} -->
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</refsect1><!-- }}} -->
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</refentry>
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<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
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Local variables:
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mode: sgml
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sgml-omittag:t
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sgml-shorttag:t
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sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
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sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
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sgml-indent-step:1
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sgml-indent-data:t
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indent-tabs-mode:nil
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sgml-parent-document:nil
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sgml-default-dtd-file:"~/.phpdoc/manual.ced"
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sgml-exposed-tags:nil
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sgml-local-catalogs:nil
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sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
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End:
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vim600: syn=xml fen fdm=syntax fdl=2 si
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vim: et tw=78 syn=sgml
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vi: ts=1 sw=1
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-->
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