<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<!-- $Revision: 1.7 $ -->
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  <refentry id="function.count-chars">
   <refnamediv>
    <refname>count_chars</refname>
    <refpurpose>
     Return information about characters used in a string
    </refpurpose>
   </refnamediv>
   <refsect1>
    <title>Description</title>
     <methodsynopsis>
      <type>mixed</type><methodname>count_chars</methodname>
      <methodparam><type>string</type><parameter>string</parameter></methodparam>
      <methodparam choice="opt"><type>int</type><parameter>mode</parameter></methodparam>
     </methodsynopsis>
    <para>
     Counts the number of occurrences of every byte-value (0..255) in
     <parameter>string</parameter> and returns it in various ways.
     The optional parameter <parameter>mode</parameter> defaults to
     0. Depending on <parameter>mode</parameter>
     <function>count_chars</function> returns one of the following:
     <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
       <simpara>
        0 - an array with the byte-value as key and the frequency of
        every byte as value.
       </simpara>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
       <simpara>
        1 - same as 0 but only byte-values with a frequency greater
        than zero are listed.
       </simpara>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
       <simpara>
        2 - same as 0 but only byte-values with a frequency equal to
        zero are listed.
       </simpara>
      </listitem> 
      <listitem>
       <simpara> 
        3 - a string containing all used byte-values is returned.
       </simpara>
      </listitem> 
      <listitem>
       <simpara> 
        4 - a string containing all not used byte-values is returned.
       </simpara>
      </listitem> 
     </itemizedlist>
    </para>
    <para>
     <example>
      <title><function>count_chars</function> example</title>
      <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$data = "Two Ts and one F.";

foreach (count_chars($data, 1) as $i => $val) {
   echo "There were $val instance(s) of \"" , chr($i) , "\" in the string.\n";
}
?>
]]>
      </programlisting>
      &example.outputs;
      <screen>
<![CDATA[
There were 4 instance(s) of " " in the string. 
There were 1 instance(s) of "." in the string. 
There were 1 instance(s) of "F" in the string. 
There were 2 instance(s) of "T" in the string. 
There were 1 instance(s) of "a" in the string. 
There were 1 instance(s) of "d" in the string. 
There were 1 instance(s) of "e" in the string. 
There were 2 instance(s) of "n" in the string. 
There were 2 instance(s) of "o" in the string. 
There were 1 instance(s) of "s" in the string. 
There were 1 instance(s) of "w" in the string. 
]]>
      </screen>
     </example> 
    </para>
    <simpara>
     See also <function>strpos</function> and
     <function>substr_count</function>.
    </simpara>
   </refsect1>
  </refentry>

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