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 <reference xml:id="ref.pdo-mysql" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
  <?phpdoc extension-membership="bundledexternal" ?>
  <title>MySQL Functions (PDO_MYSQL)</title>
  <titleabbrev>MySQL (PDO)</titleabbrev>
  <partintro>

   <section xml:id="pdo-mysql.intro">
   &reftitle.intro;
    <para>
     PDO_MYSQL is a driver that implements the <link linkend="intro.pdo">PHP
     Data Objects (PDO) interface</link>
     to enable access from PHP to MySQL 3.x, 4.x and 5.x databases.
    </para>
    <para>
     PDO_MYSQL will take advantage of native prepared statement support
     present in MySQL 4.1 and higher.  If you're using an older version of the
     mysql client libraries, PDO will emulate them for you.
    </para>
    <warning>
     <para>
      Beware: Some MySQL table types (storage engines) do not support transactions.  When
      writing transactional database code using a table type that does not support
      transactions, MySQL will pretend that a transaction was initiated successfully.
      In addition, any DDL queries issued will implicitly
      commit any pending transactions.
     </para>
    </warning>
   </section>
   &reference.pdo-mysql.configure;
   &reference.pdo-mysql.constants;
   &reference.pdo-mysql.ini;
  </partintro>

  <refentry xml:id="ref.pdo-mysql.connection">
   <refnamediv>
    <refname>PDO_MYSQL DSN</refname>
    <refpurpose>Connecting to MySQL databases</refpurpose>
   </refnamediv>

   <refsect1 role="description">
    &reftitle.description;
    <para>
     The PDO_MYSQL Data Source Name (DSN) is composed of the following elements:
     <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
       <term>DSN prefix</term>
       <listitem>
        <para>
        The DSN prefix is <userinput>mysql:</userinput>.
        </para>
       </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
       <term><literal>host</literal></term>
       <listitem>
        <para>
         The hostname on which the database server resides.
        </para>
       </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
       <term><literal>port</literal></term>
       <listitem>
        <para>
         The port number where the database server is listening.
        </para>
       </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
       <term><literal>dbname</literal></term>
       <listitem>
        <para>
         The name of the database.
        </para>
       </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
       <term><literal>unix_socket</literal></term>
       <listitem>
        <para>
         The MySQL Unix socket (shouldn't be used with <literal>host</literal>
         or <literal>port</literal>).
        </para>
       </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
       <term><literal>charset</literal></term>
       <listitem>
        <para>
         The character set. See the <link linkend="mysqlinfo.concepts.charset">character set</link>
         concepts documentation for more information.
        </para>
        <para>
         Prior to PHP 5.3.6, this element was silently ignored. The same
         behaviour can be partly replicated with the
         <constant>PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND</constant> driver option, as
         the following example shows.
        </para>
        <warning>
         <simpara>
          The method in the below example can only be used with character sets
          that share the same lower 7 bit representation as ASCII, such as
          ISO-8859-1 and UTF-8. Users using character sets that have different
          representations (such as UTF-16 or Big5) <emphasis>must</emphasis>
          use the <literal>charset</literal> option provided in PHP 5.3.6
          and later versions.
         </simpara>
        </warning>
        <para>
         <example>
          <title>
           Setting the connection character set to UTF-8 prior to PHP 5.3.6
          </title>
          <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$dsn = 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=testdb';
$username = 'username';
$password = 'password';
$options = array(
    PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => 'SET NAMES utf8',
); 

$dbh = new PDO($dsn, $username, $password, $options);
?>
]]>
          </programlisting>
         </example>
        </para>
       </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
     </variablelist>
    </para>
   </refsect1>

   <refsect1 role="changelog">
    &reftitle.changelog;
    <para>
     <informaltable>
      <tgroup cols="2">
       <thead>
        <row>
         <entry>&Version;</entry>
         <entry>&Description;</entry>
        </row>
       </thead>
       <tbody>
        <row>
         <entry>5.3.6</entry>
         <entry>
          Prior to version 5.3.6, <literal>charset</literal> was ignored.
         </entry>
        </row>
       </tbody>
      </tgroup>
     </informaltable>
    </para>
   </refsect1>

   <refsect1 role="examples">
    &reftitle.examples;
    <para>
     <example>
      <title>PDO_MYSQL DSN examples</title>
      <para>
       The following example shows a PDO_MYSQL DSN for connecting to
       MySQL databases:
       <programlisting>
<![CDATA[
mysql:host=localhost;dbname=testdb
]]>
       </programlisting>
       More complete examples:
       <programlisting>
<![CDATA[
mysql:host=localhost;port=3307;dbname=testdb
mysql:unix_socket=/tmp/mysql.sock;dbname=testdb
]]>
       </programlisting>
      </para>
     </example>
    </para>
   </refsect1>

   <refsect1 role="notes">
    &reftitle.notes;
    <note>
     <title>Unix only:</title>
     <para>
      When the host name is set to <literal>"localhost"</literal>, then the connection to the 
      server is made thru a domain socket. If PDO_MYSQL is compiled against libmysqlclient then the 
      location of the socket file is at libmysqlclient's compiled in location. If PDO_MYSQL is compiled 
      against mysqlnd a default socket can be set thru the <link linkend="ini.pdo-mysql.default-socket">
      pdo_mysql.default_socket</link> setting.
     </para>
    </note>
   </refsect1>
  </refentry>

 </reference>
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