dirname Returns a parent directory's path &reftitle.description; stringdirname stringpath intlevels1 Given a string containing the path of a file or directory, this function will return the parent directory's path that is levels up from the current directory. dirname operates naively on the input string, and is not aware of the actual filesystem, or path components such as "..". dirname is locale aware, so for it to see the correct directory name with multibyte character paths, the matching locale must be set using the setlocale function. &reftitle.parameters; path A path. On Windows, both slash (/) and backslash (\) are used as directory separator character. In other environments, it is the forward slash (/). levels The number of parent directories to go up. This must be an integer greater than 0. &reftitle.returnvalues; Returns the path of a parent directory. If there are no slashes in path, a dot ('.') is returned, indicating the current directory. Otherwise, the returned string is path with any trailing /component removed. &reftitle.changelog; &Version; &Description; 7.0.0 Added the optional levels parameter. 5.0.0 dirname is now binary safe &reftitle.examples; &example.outputs.similar; &reftitle.seealso; basename pathinfo realpath