diff --git a/functions/mnogosearch.xml b/functions/mnogosearch.xml
index 1ffc1b0751..087f61dd82 100644
--- a/functions/mnogosearch.xml
+++ b/functions/mnogosearch.xml
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
    </simpara>
    <simpara>
     More information about mnoGoSearch can be found at<ulink
-    url="&url.mnogo">&url.mnogo;</ulink>.
+    url="&url.mnogo;">&url.mnogo;</ulink>.
    </simpara>
   </partintro>
 
diff --git a/functions/pcre.xml b/functions/pcre.xml
index 31f91a41b7..cb27b2fe93 100644
--- a/functions/pcre.xml
+++ b/functions/pcre.xml
@@ -1723,7 +1723,7 @@ ASSERTIONS
      matches an occurrence of "baz" that  is  preceded  by  "bar"
      which in turn is not preceded by "foo", while
 
-       (?<=\d{3}(?!999)...)foo
+       (?&lt;=\d{3}(?!999)...)foo
 
      is another pattern which matches  "foo"  preceded  by  three
      digits and any three characters that are not "999".
@@ -1810,7 +1810,7 @@ ONCE-ONLY SUBPATTERNS
      for "a" covers the entire string, from right to left, so  we
      are no better off. However, if the pattern is written as
 
-       ^(?>.*)(?<=abcd)
+       ^(?>.*)(?&lt;=abcd)
 
      then there can be no backtracking for the .*  item;  it  can
      match  only  the  entire  string.  The subsequent lookbehind
@@ -1825,10 +1825,10 @@ ONCE-ONLY SUBPATTERNS
      avoid  some  failing matches taking a very long time indeed.
      The pattern
 
-       (\D+|<\d+>)*[!?]
+       (\D+|&lt;\d+>)*[!?]
 
      matches an unlimited number of substrings that  either  con-
-     sist  of  non-digits,  or digits enclosed in <>, followed by
+     sist  of  non-digits,  or digits enclosed in &lt;>, followed by
      either ! or ?. When it matches, it runs quickly. However, if
      it is applied to
 
@@ -1844,7 +1844,7 @@ ONCE-ONLY SUBPATTERNS
      match,  and  fail early if it is not present in the string.)
      If the pattern is changed to
 
-       ((?>\D+)|<\d+>)*[!?]
+       ((?>\D+)|&lt;\d+>)*[!?]
 
      sequences of non-digits cannot be broken, and  failure  hap-
      pens quickly.
diff --git a/functions/strings.xml b/functions/strings.xml
index 6fdec4b2b7..0eadab1380 100644
--- a/functions/strings.xml
+++ b/functions/strings.xml
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+<?xml encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
  <reference id="ref.strings">
   <title>String functions</title>
   <titleabbrev>Strings</titleabbrev>
diff --git a/functions/xslt.xml b/functions/xslt.xml
index 44d8a726bb..68e0229e83 100644
--- a/functions/xslt.xml
+++ b/functions/xslt.xml
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+<?xml encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
  <reference id="ref.xslt">
   <title>XSLT functions</title>
   <titleabbrev>XSLT</titleabbrev>
diff --git a/language/variables.xml b/language/variables.xml
index 4f198903d1..300aebd65f 100644
--- a/language/variables.xml
+++ b/language/variables.xml
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+<?xml encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
  <chapter id="language.variables">
   <title>Variables</title>