mirror of
https://github.com/sigmasternchen/php-doc-en
synced 2025-03-15 16:38:54 +00:00
Part 1/2
* Removed the examples from migration and placed them in their respective sections * Started to refactor and make the markup for the migration53 guide alot nicer and more structured * Documented Closure assignment, and how to deal with parent scoping in closures * Documented some heredoc related features as of 5.3 git-svn-id: https://svn.php.net/repository/phpdoc/en/trunk@282526 c90b9560-bf6c-de11-be94-00142212c4b1
This commit is contained in:
Kalle Sommer Nielsen
parent
56be1041e5
commit
6ccf275113
3 changed files with 272 additions and 267 deletions
|
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!-- $Revision: 1.2 $ -->
|
||||
<!-- $Revision: 1.3 $ -->
|
||||
<appendix xml:id="migration53" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
|
||||
<title>Migrating from PHP 5.2.x to PHP 5.3.x</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
|
|
@ -19,20 +19,26 @@
|
|||
versions in production environments.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
If the system is being upgraded from PHP 5.1.x, the manual section titled
|
||||
<link linkend="migration52">Upgrade Notes for PHP 5.2.x</link>
|
||||
should also be read.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
If the system is being upgraded from PHP 5.0.x, the manual section titled
|
||||
<link linkend="migration51">Upgrade Notes for PHP 5.1.x</link>
|
||||
should also be read.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Similarly, if the system is being upgraded from PHP 4, the manual section
|
||||
titled <link linkend="migration5">Migrating from PHP 4 to PHP 5</link>
|
||||
should be read as well.
|
||||
If the system is being upgraded from an older version of PHP, then the
|
||||
relevant documentation is available below:
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<simpara>
|
||||
<link linkend="migration52">Upgrade Notes for PHP 5.2.x</link>.
|
||||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<simpara>
|
||||
<link linkend="migration51">Upgrade Notes for PHP 5.1.x</link>.
|
||||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<simpara>
|
||||
<link linkend="migration5">Migrating from PHP 4 to PHP 5</link>.
|
||||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section xml:id="migration53.incompatible">
|
||||
|
|
@ -112,14 +118,6 @@
|
|||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section xml:id="migration53.new-features">
|
||||
<title>New features</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
PHP 5.3.0 contains a wide set of new features, below lists
|
||||
new features available to the language and syntax.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The following keywords are now reserved and may not be used
|
||||
in function, class etc. names.
|
||||
|
|
@ -136,211 +134,78 @@
|
|||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section xml:id="migration53.new-features">
|
||||
<title>New features</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Support for <link linkend="language.namespaces">namespaces</link> has been
|
||||
added.
|
||||
PHP 5.3.0 contains a wide set of new features, below lists new features
|
||||
available to the language and syntax.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Support for <link linkend="language.oop5.late-static-bindings">Late Static Bindings</link>
|
||||
has been added.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Support for a jump label (limited goto) has been added. Its only possible to jump
|
||||
in the same context and out of loops, but not into loops, or other scopes/contexts.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<informalexample>
|
||||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||||
<![CDATA[
|
||||
<?php
|
||||
// Basic usage
|
||||
goto end;
|
||||
|
||||
echo 'This will never be printed!';
|
||||
|
||||
end:
|
||||
echo 'This is the end';
|
||||
|
||||
// This wont work, as we cannot jump into another scope
|
||||
goto baz;
|
||||
|
||||
function foobar()
|
||||
{
|
||||
baz:
|
||||
{
|
||||
// ...
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Loops
|
||||
foreach(range('a', 'c') as $character)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if($character == 'b')
|
||||
{
|
||||
goto done;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
done:
|
||||
echo 'Character "b" reached, stopping';
|
||||
|
||||
// This wont work, as we cannot jump into loops
|
||||
goto impossible;
|
||||
|
||||
foreach(range('a', 'c') as $character)
|
||||
{
|
||||
impossible:
|
||||
{
|
||||
// ...
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
?>
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</informalexample>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
PHP now contains support for native <link linkend="functions.anonymous">closures</link>
|
||||
(Lambda, Anonymous functions). These are implemented using a new reserved class,
|
||||
<classname>Closure</classname>. Closures can be used in any function that takes a
|
||||
<link linkend="language.types.callback">callback</link> as parameter.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<informalexample>
|
||||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||||
<![CDATA[
|
||||
<?php
|
||||
// Simple closure
|
||||
$greet = function($who)
|
||||
{
|
||||
echo 'Hello ' . $who . PHP_EOL;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
$greet('Kalle');
|
||||
$greet('Rasmus');
|
||||
|
||||
// Using as a callback
|
||||
$names = Array('KALLE', 'RASMUS', 'PIERRE');
|
||||
|
||||
$callback = function($element)
|
||||
{
|
||||
return lcfirst($element);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Prints:
|
||||
// kALLE
|
||||
// rASMUS
|
||||
// pIERRE
|
||||
var_dump(array_map($names, $callback));
|
||||
|
||||
// The above could also have been done by declaring the
|
||||
// closure directly in the parameter
|
||||
var_dump(array_map($names, function($element)
|
||||
{
|
||||
return lcfirst($element);
|
||||
}));
|
||||
?>
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</informalexample>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Theres two new magic methods,
|
||||
<link linkend="language.oop5.overloading.methods">__callStatic</link> and
|
||||
<link linkend="language.oop5.magic.invoke">__invoke</link>. The magic
|
||||
<literal>__invoke</literal> method makes it possible for a class instance
|
||||
to be callable, thrus making it possible to pass it to a parameter of the
|
||||
<link linkend="language.types.callback">callback</link> type.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<informalexample>
|
||||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||||
<![CDATA[
|
||||
<?php
|
||||
class Callable
|
||||
{
|
||||
function __invoke()
|
||||
{
|
||||
echo 'Invoked!' . PHP_EOL;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
$callable = new Callable;
|
||||
|
||||
// Works like a closure
|
||||
$callable();
|
||||
|
||||
// And as callbacks
|
||||
call_user_func($callable);
|
||||
?>
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</informalexample>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<link linkend="language.types.string.syntax.nowdoc">NOWDOC</link> syntax is now
|
||||
supported, and works like HEREDOC but with single quotes:
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<informalexample>
|
||||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||||
<![CDATA[
|
||||
<?php
|
||||
echo <<<'GREET'
|
||||
Hello World
|
||||
GREET;
|
||||
?>
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</informalexample>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Static HEREDOCs can be used to initialize static variables, class members
|
||||
or class constants:
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<informalexample>
|
||||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||||
<![CDATA[
|
||||
<?php
|
||||
function foo()
|
||||
{
|
||||
static $bar = <<<LABEL
|
||||
No variables here...
|
||||
LABEL;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
class bar
|
||||
{
|
||||
const $bar = <<<FOOBAR
|
||||
Constant example
|
||||
FOOBAR;
|
||||
public $baz = <<<FOOBAR
|
||||
Property example
|
||||
FOOBAR;
|
||||
}
|
||||
?>
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</informalexample>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Its now possible to declare constants using the <literal>const</literal>
|
||||
keyword:
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<informalexample>
|
||||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||||
<![CDATA[
|
||||
<?php
|
||||
const MY_CONSTANT = 'Hello';
|
||||
define('MY_OTHER_CONSTANT', 'World');
|
||||
|
||||
echo MY_CONSTANT . ' ' . MY_OTHER_CONSTANT;
|
||||
?>
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</informalexample>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The <link linkend="language.operators.comparison.ternary">ternary</link> operator
|
||||
now have a shorthand syntax:
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<informalexample>
|
||||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||||
<![CDATA[
|
||||
var_dump(0 ?: 'Hello!');
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</informalexample>
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Support for <link linkend="language.namespaces">namespaces</link> has been
|
||||
added.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Support for <link linkend="language.oop5.late-static-bindings">Late Static Bindings</link>
|
||||
has been added.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Support for a <link linkend="control-structures.goto">jump label</link> (limited goto)
|
||||
has been added.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Support for native <link linkend="functions.anonymous">Closures</link>
|
||||
(Lambda/Anonymous functions) has been added.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Theres two new magic methods,
|
||||
<link linkend="language.oop5.overloading.methods">__callStatic</link> and
|
||||
<link linkend="language.oop5.magic.invoke">__invoke</link> has been added.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<link linkend="language.types.string.syntax.nowdoc">Nowdoc</link> syntax is now
|
||||
supported, and works like <link linkend="language.types.string.syntax.heredoc">Heredoc</link>
|
||||
but with single quotes.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Its not possible to use <link linkend="language.types.string.syntax.heredoc">Heredoc</link>
|
||||
to initialize static variables and class members/constants.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<link linkend="language.types.string.syntax.heredoc">Heredoc</link> syntax may now be declared
|
||||
using double quotes.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<link linkend="language.constants">Constants</link> can now be declared outside a class
|
||||
declaring using the <literal>const</literal> keyword.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The <link linkend="language.operators.comparison.ternary">ternary</link> operator
|
||||
now have a shorthand operator <literal>?:</literal>.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section xml:id="migration53.windows">
|
||||
|
|
@ -1094,7 +959,7 @@ var_dump(0 ?: 'Hello!');
|
|||
<listitem>
|
||||
<simpara>
|
||||
<function>PDO::setAttribute</function>
|
||||
- Set an attribute.
|
||||
- Sets an attribute.
|
||||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1156,6 +1021,48 @@ var_dump(0 ?: 'Hello!');
|
|||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section xml:id="migration53.new-extensions">
|
||||
<title>New Extensions</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The following are new extensions added (by default) as of PHP 5.3.0:
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<simpara>
|
||||
<link linkend="book.fileinfo">Fileinfo</link>
|
||||
- Improved and more solid replacement for the
|
||||
<link linkend="book.mime-magic">Mimetype</link> extension.
|
||||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<simpara>
|
||||
<link linkend="book.intl">INTL</link>
|
||||
- Internationalization extension. INTL is a wrapper around the
|
||||
<link xlink:href="&url.icu.home;">ICU</link> library.
|
||||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<simpara>
|
||||
<link linkend="book.phar">Phar</link>
|
||||
- Implementation of PHP-Archive files.
|
||||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<simpara>
|
||||
<link linkend="book.sqlite3">SQLite3</link>
|
||||
- Support for SQLite version 3 databases.
|
||||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
mysqlnd is a new core library shipped with PHP. It is a PHP-specific
|
||||
replacement for libmysql. mysqlnd will be used to build the
|
||||
<link linkend="book.mysql">mysql</link>, <link linkend="book.mysqli">mysqli</link>
|
||||
and <link linkend="ref.pdo-mysql">PDO_MYSQL</link> if libmysql isnt found
|
||||
on the system, but it may also be used instead of libmysql.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section xml:id="migration53.removed-extensions">
|
||||
<title>Removed Extensions</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1210,40 +1117,6 @@ var_dump(0 ?: 'Hello!');
|
|||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section xml:id="migration53.new-extensions">
|
||||
<title>New Extensions</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The following are new extensions added (by default) as of PHP 5.3.0:
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<simpara>
|
||||
<link linkend="book.fileinfo">Fileinfo</link>
|
||||
- Improved and more solid replacement for the
|
||||
<link linkend="book.mime-magic">Mimetype</link> extension.
|
||||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<simpara>
|
||||
<link linkend="book.intl">INTL</link>
|
||||
- Internationalization extension. INTL is a wrapper around the
|
||||
<link xlink:href="&url.icu.home;">ICU</link> library.
|
||||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<simpara>
|
||||
<link linkend="book.phar">Phar</link>
|
||||
- Implementation of PHP-Archive files.
|
||||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<simpara>
|
||||
<link linkend="book.sqlite3">SQLite3</link>
|
||||
- Support for SQLite version 3 databases.
|
||||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section xml:id="migration53.extensions-other">
|
||||
<title>Other changes to extensions</title>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1305,10 +1178,6 @@ var_dump(0 ?: 'Hello!');
|
|||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
mysqlnd is a new core library shipped with PHP. It is a PHP-specific
|
||||
replacement for libmysql.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section xml:id="migration53.classes">
|
||||
|
|
@ -1903,7 +1772,6 @@ var_dump(0 ?: 'Hello!');
|
|||
</simpara>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section xml:id="migration53.other">
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!-- $Revision: 1.70 $ -->
|
||||
<!-- $Revision: 1.71 $ -->
|
||||
<chapter xml:id="language.functions" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
|
||||
<title>Functions</title>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -623,6 +623,85 @@ echo preg_replace_callback('~-([a-z])~', function ($match) {
|
|||
}, 'hello-world');
|
||||
// outputs helloWorld
|
||||
?>
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Closures can also be declared to values of variables, which PHP magiclly
|
||||
turns into an object instance of the <classname>Closure</classname>
|
||||
class. When assigning a closure to a variable, its done by a basic
|
||||
assignment to a function declaring with an ending semicolon like any
|
||||
other assignments
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<example>
|
||||
<title>Anonymous function variable assignment example</title>
|
||||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||||
<![CDATA[
|
||||
<?php
|
||||
$greet = function($name)
|
||||
{
|
||||
printf("Hello %s\r\n", $name);
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
$greet('World');
|
||||
$greet('PHP');
|
||||
?>
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Closures may also inherit variables from the parent scope, to do so it
|
||||
must be declared in the function header, unlike regular functions that
|
||||
uses the <literal>global</literal> keyword.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<example>
|
||||
<title>Closures and scoping</title>
|
||||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||||
<![CDATA[
|
||||
<?php
|
||||
// Declare a basic shopping card that allows us to
|
||||
// add products to it, with a member that allows us
|
||||
// to get the quantity of a product we have added using
|
||||
// a callback function
|
||||
class Card
|
||||
{
|
||||
public static $products = Array();
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
public static function add($product, $quantity)
|
||||
{
|
||||
self::$products[$product] = $quantity;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public static function getQuantity($product)
|
||||
{
|
||||
$quantity = false;
|
||||
|
||||
array_map(function($value, $key) use($product, &$quantity)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if($key == $product)
|
||||
{
|
||||
$quantity = $value;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
}, array_values(self::$products), array_keys(self::$products));
|
||||
|
||||
return($quantity);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Add some items to our card
|
||||
Card::add('Butter', 1);
|
||||
Card::add('Milk', 3);
|
||||
Card::add('Eggs', 6);
|
||||
|
||||
// Now get the total 'Eggs' we added
|
||||
printf('The card contains %d eggs', Card::getQuantity('Eggs'));
|
||||
?>
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
|
|
@ -637,6 +716,12 @@ echo preg_replace_callback('~-([a-z])~', function ($match) {
|
|||
Anonymous functions are available since PHP 5.3.0.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Its possible to use the <function>func_get_args</function> and
|
||||
family functions within a closure.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||||
<!-- $Revision: 1.21 $ -->
|
||||
<!-- $Revision: 1.22 $ -->
|
||||
<sect1 xml:id="language.types.string">
|
||||
<title>Strings</title>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -319,6 +319,58 @@ EOD
|
|||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
As of PHP 5.3.0, its possible to initialize static variables and class
|
||||
members/constants using the Heredoc syntax:
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<example>
|
||||
<title>Using Heredoc to initialize static values</title>
|
||||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||||
<![CDATA[
|
||||
<?php
|
||||
// Static variables
|
||||
function foo()
|
||||
{
|
||||
static $bar = <<<LABEL
|
||||
Nothing in here...
|
||||
LABEL;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Class members/constants
|
||||
class foo
|
||||
{
|
||||
const BAR = <<<FOOBAR
|
||||
Constant example
|
||||
FOOBAR;
|
||||
|
||||
public $baz = <<<FOOBAR
|
||||
Property example
|
||||
FOOBAR;
|
||||
}
|
||||
?>
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
PHP 5.3.0 also introduces the possibility for Heredoc's to
|
||||
use double quotes in declarings:
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<example>
|
||||
<title>Using double quotes in Heredoc</title>
|
||||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||||
<![CDATA[
|
||||
<?php
|
||||
echo <<<"FOOBAR"
|
||||
Hello World!
|
||||
FOOBAR;
|
||||
?>
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
</example>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Heredoc support was added in PHP 4.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue